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Taxonomical considerations and molecular phylogeny of the closely related genera Bitylenchus, Sauertylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus (Nematoda: Telotylenchinae), with one new and four known species from Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2020

M. Hosseinvand Open the ORCID record for M. Hosseinvand [Opens in a new window] ,
A. Eskandari Open the ORCID record for A. Eskandari [Opens in a new window] ,
S. Ganjkhanloo ,
R. Ghaderi Open the ORCID record for R. Ghaderi [Opens in a new window] ,
P. Castillo Open the ORCID record for P. Castillo [Opens in a new window]  and
J.E. Palomares-Rius Open the ORCID record for J.E. Palomares-Rius [Opens in a new window]
M. Hosseinvand
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan45371-38791, Iran
A. Eskandari*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan45371-38791, Iran
S. Ganjkhanloo
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan45371-38791, Iran
R. Ghaderi
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz71441-65186, Iran
P. Castillo
Affiliation:
Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba14004, Spain
J.E. Palomares-Rius
Affiliation:
Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba14004, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: A. Eskandari, E-mail: eskandari.a@znu.ac.ir
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Abstract

During several nematological surveys in cultivated and natural habitats in Khuzestan and Zanjan provinces of Iran, a new species, Bitylenchus parvulus n. sp., two new records for Iran – namely, Tylenchorhynchus agri and Tylenchorhynchus graciliformis – and a population of Bitylenchus parvus and one of Sauertylenchus maximus were recovered and characterized based upon morphological and molecular approaches. The new species is characterized by lip region with five to seven annuli, stylet 17.7 (17.0–18.5) μm long, sub-cylindrical tail narrowing abruptly near terminus giving a bluntly digitate shape to the tail tip, cuticle near anterior part of vulva wrinkled and post-rectal sac occupies whole of tail cavity. The phylogenetic analyses were carried out using molecular data from D2–D3 expansion segments of large ribosomal subunit (28S rRNA) for all studied species and the partial small ribosomal subunit (18S rRNA) for the new species. The representatives of Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus formed distinct clades from Tylenchorhynchus members, supporting the hypothesis in which Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus could be considered as valid genera, but rejecting the ‘large-genus’ concept for Tylenchorhynchus. Also, Sauertylenchus ibericus was proposed as a junior synonym of S. maximus based on the results from morphological and phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, an identification key for all known species included in the three genera Bitylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Sauertylenchus is presented herein. The number of transverse annuli on the lip region and presence/absence of post-rectal sac were considered as the main diagnostic characters for classifying the species into seven groups, and other morphological and morphometric characters were subsequently used for distinguishing species in each group.

Keywords

18S rRNA28S rRNABitylenchus parvulus n. spidentification keySauertylenchus maximussynonymyTylenchorhynchus
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 94 , 2020 , e197
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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