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Trichuris infection in captive non-human primates in zoological gardens in Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 January 2025

J. Rivero Open the ORCID record for J. Rivero [Opens in a new window] ,
R. Callejón Open the ORCID record for R. Callejón [Opens in a new window]  and
A. M. García-Sánchez Open the ORCID record for A. M. García-Sánchez [Opens in a new window]
J. Rivero
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
R. Callejón*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
A. M. García-Sánchez
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
*
Corresponding author: R. Callejón; Email: callejon@us.es
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Abstract

Currently, there is limited available information on the epidemiology of parasitic infections in captive non-human primates (NHPs) and their zoonotic potential. However, numerous cases of helminth infections in NHPs have been documented in several zoos around the world, with one of the most prevalent being those of the genus Trichuris. The main objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of infection by Trichuris spp. in primates from zoological gardens in Spain and to ascertain, at the species level, the specific Trichuris species harbored by these hosts by using mitochondrial and ribosomal markers. A total of 315 stools collected from NPHs (n = 47) in the 13 zoological gardens analyzed yielded a prevalence rate of 19.05%. Nevertheless, not all the zoos exhibited parasitic infections; this was observed in only 53.85% of the zoos. Moreover, 15 host groups of 12 different species were found to be infected by Trichuris species, among which the identified species included Trichuris trichiura, Trichuris colobae, and Trichuris sp. Our findings suggest a substantial exposure of primates to zoonotic Trichuris species, suggesting that NHPs could potentially act as reservoirs capable of transmitting this parasite to humans. Hence, it is crucial to implement additional control and prevention measures and explore ways to eradicate parasitic infections in these areas. Further examination is warranted to minimize the risk of spreading drug-resistant parasite strains.

Keywords

Zoological gardensTrichuris sppnon-human primateszoonosis
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 99 , 2025 , e1
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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