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Hayekian welfare states: explaining the coexistence of economic freedom and big government

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2019

Andreas Bergh Open the ORCID record for Andreas Bergh [Opens in a new window]
Andreas Bergh*
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden and Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract

To explain the coexistence of economic freedom and big government, this paper distinguishes between big government in the fiscal sense of requiring high taxes, and big government in the Hayekian sense of requiring knowledge that is difficult to acquire from a central authority. The indicators of government size in measures of economic freedom capture the fiscal size but ignore the Hayekian knowledge problem. Thinking about government size in both the fiscal and Hayekian dimensions suggests the possibility of Hayekian welfare states where trust and state capacity facilitate experimentation and learning, resulting in a public sector that is big in a fiscal sense but not necessarily more vulnerable to the Hayekian knowledge problem. Pensions in Sweden are used as a case to illustrate the empirical relevance of the argument. The new pension system represents big government in a fiscal sense, but by relying on decentralized choice it requires relatively little central knowledge.

Keywords

Welfare stateHayekeconomic freedomeconomic reformsstate capacity
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Institutional Economics , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , February 2020 , pp. 1 - 12
Copyright
Copyright © Millennium Economics Ltd 2019 

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