Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T12:11:46.123Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Parental evidence of impact of policy on worst forms of child labour in rural and urban Ghana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2020

Obed Adonteng-Kissi
Obed Adonteng-Kissi*
Affiliation:
Department of Social Inquiry, College of Arts, Social Sciences and Commerce, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
*
CONTACT Obed Adonteng-Kissi o.adonteng-kissi@latrobe.edu.au; dontosh@yahoo.co.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper aimed to ascertain parental evidence of impact of policy on worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in rural and urban Ghana amongst 460 participants: I utilised 400 survey participants whose children were/were not involved in child labour and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques and applying the Stata Version 13 software. I also utilised 60 government officials; NGO representatives; and both parents whose children were/were not involved in child labour. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents (10), stakeholders (10), focus groups (30); and participant observation techniques (10) were utilised to gather the needed data and purposively sampled across rural areas (Ankaase, Anwiankwanta and Kensere), and urban areas (Jamestown, Korle Gonno and Chorkor) in Ghana. Interviews were recorded, transcribed utilising a framework approach as the main qualitative data analysis method. Parental evidence suggests that new laws, legislative reforms, programmes and activities have helped to reduce WFCL in Ghana.

Keywords

Child labourWFCLparentsruralurbanevidence
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy , Volume 35 , Issue 3 , October 2019 , pp. 239 - 260
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

References

Adepoju, A. (2005). Review of research and data on human trafficking in sub-Saharan Africa. International Migration, 43(1–2), 75–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adonteng-Kissi, O. (2018a). Causes of child labour: Perceptions of rural and urban parents in Ghana. Children and Youth Services Review, 91, 55–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adonteng-Kissi, O. (2018b). Parental perceptions of child labour and human rights: A comparative study of rural and urban Ghana. Child abuse & neglect, 84, 34–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Afenyadu, D. (2008). Baseline study into childhood fishing; INN-Ghana; awareness raising, rescue and rehabilitation project North Tongu District; Accra, Ghana. Retrieved from www.crc.uri.eduGoogle Scholar
Angell, R. C. (1974). The moral integration of American cities. II. American Journal of Sociology, 80(3), 607–629.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Annim, S. K. (2018). Reproducibility of statistical data, academic publications and policy implications: Evidence from Ghana. Data in Brief, 18, 1298–1312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Austin, T. L. (1981). The influence of court location on type of criminal sentence: The rural-urban factor. Journal of Criminal Justice, 9(4), 305–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, W. C. (1984). Poverty, inequality, and city homicide rates: Some not so unexpected findings. Criminology, 22(4), 531–550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertrand, W., & de Buhr, E. (2015). Trade, development and child labor: Regulation and law in the case of child labor in the cocoa industry. Law and Development Review, 8(2), 503–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowlby, J. (2008). A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Caldwell, J. E. (2007). Clickers in the large classroom: Current research and best-practice tips. CBE-Life sciences education, 6(1), 9–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, J., & Fisher, T. (2000). The effectiveness of NGO campaigning: Lessons from practice. Development in practice, 10(2), 151–165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clinard, M. B., & Abbott, D. J. (1973). Crime in developing countries: A comparative perspective. New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
Collins, J. M. (2006). Crime and parenthood: The uneasy case for prosecuting negligent parents. Northwestern University Law Review, 100, 807.Google Scholar
Cooke, E., Hague, S., & McKay, A. (2016). The Ghana poverty and inequality report: Using the 6th Ghana living standards survey. Retrieved from www.africainequalities.orgGoogle Scholar
Creswell, J., & Apoth, C. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Crutchfield, R. D., Geerken, M. R., & Gove, W. R. (1982). Crime rate and social integration the impact of metropolitan mobility. Criminology, 20(3–4), 467–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennis, M. (1999). The ILO convention on the worst forms of child labour. American Journal of International Law, 93(4), 943–948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenstein, J., & Jacob, H. (1977). Felony justice: An organizational analysis of criminal courts. Lanham, MD: Little, Brown Boston.Google Scholar
Eisner, E. (2017). The enlightened eye: Qualitative inquiry and the enhancement of educational practice. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
Entwisle, D. R. (2018). Children, schools, and inequality (1st ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feld, B. C. (1991). Justice by geography: Urban, suburban, and rural variations in juvenile justice administration. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 82, 156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, M. (2017). Human rights. Cambridge: John Wiley & Sons.Google ScholarPubMed
GSS. (2012). Population and Housing Census: Summary Report of the Final Results, Accra, Ghana, Ghana Statistical Services (GSS).Google Scholar
Harries, K. D. (1976). Cities and crime: A geographic model. Criminology, 14(3), 369–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, H. L. (1967). Social solidarity and the enforcement of morality. The University of Chicago Law Review, 35(1), 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hindelang, M. J. (1978). Race and involvement in common law personal crimes. American Sociological Review, 43(1), 93–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ILO. (2007). Work in Fishing (Convention No. 188), International Labour Organisation (ILO).Google Scholar
ILO/IPEC. (2007). International programme on the elimination of child labour, overview of ILO-IPEC projects in Ghana. Meeting of the National Steering Committee.Google Scholar
ILO & UNESCO. (2011). The worst forms of child labour, education and violent conflict. Geneva.Google Scholar
Johansen, R. (2006). Child trafficking in Ghana. Perspectives, The United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC), 1(1), 4–7.Google Scholar
Jones, G., & Chant, S. (2009). Globalising initiatives for gender equality and poverty reduction: Exploring ‘failure’ with reference to education and work among urban youth in the Gambia and Ghana. Geoforum, 40(2), 184–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapoor, A. (2017). Children at the heart: Assessment of child labour and child slavery in Ghana's Cocoa Sector and recommendations to Mondelēz International. Retrieved from www.embode.coGoogle Scholar
Lefebvre, H. (1970). From rural to urban. Lima, Peru: Anthropos.Google Scholar
Levin, M. A. (1977). Urban politics and the criminal courts. Judges J, 16, 16.Google Scholar
Logan, T., Shannon, L., & Walker, R. (2005). Protective orders in rural and urban areas: A multiple perspective study. Violence Against Women, 11(7), 876–911.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, J. (2017). Qualitative researching (3rd ed.). London, UK: Sage.Google Scholar
MOE. (2016). Education sector performance report, annual school census of the education management information system (EMIS), Author.Google Scholar
Mumin, A. A., Gyasi, R. M., Segbefia, A. Y., Forkuor, D., & Ganle, J. K. (2018). Internalised and social experiences of HIV-induced stigma and discrimination in urban Ghana. Global Social Welfare, 5(2), 83–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, M. A., & Talarico, S. M. (1986). Urban justice, rural injustice? Urbanization and its effect on sentencing. Criminology, 24(2), 367–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, M. A., & Talarico, S. M. (2012). The social contexts of criminal sentencing. New York, US: Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar
OAU. (1990). African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, CAB/LEG/24. 9/49, Addis ababa, Ethiopia.Google Scholar
Parliament of Ghana. (2005). Human Trafficking Act, Parliament of Ghana, Act 694 Stat.Google Scholar
Pope, C., Ziebland, S., & Mays, N. (2000). Qualitative research in health care: Analysing qualitative data. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 320(7227), 114–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porter, G., Hampshire, K., Abane, A., Munthali, A., Robson, E., Mashiri, M., … Dube, S. (2012). Child porterage and Africa's transport gap: Evidence from Ghana, Malawi and South Africa. World development, 40(10), 2136–2154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C., & Ormston, R. (2013). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Robison, K. K., & Crenshaw, E. M. (2002). Post-industrial transformations and cyber-space: A cross-national analysis of Internet development. Social Science Research, 31(3), 334–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Searles, P. (2018). Rape and society: Readings on the problem of sexual assault. New York, US: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sertich, M., & Heemskerk, M. (2011). Ghana's human trafficking act: Successes and shortcomings in six years of implementation. Human Rights Brief, 19(1), 1–6.Google Scholar
Shaw, C. R., & McKay, H. D. (1942). Juvenile delinquency and urban areas. Chicago, IL, US: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Spencer, L., Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., & Dillon, L. (2003). Quality in qualitative evaluation: A framework for assessing research evidence. London: National Centre for Social Research. Retrieved from www.natcen.ac.ukGoogle Scholar
Thompson, W. E., & Bynum, J. E. (2016). Juvenile delinquency: A sociological approach (10th ed.). New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Twum-Danso, A. (2009). Reciprocity, respect and responsibility: The 3Rs underlying parent-child relationships in Ghana and the implications for children's rights. The International Journal of Children's Rights, 17(3), 415–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United Nations. (1989). Convention on the rights of the child, UN general assembly document A/RES/44/2. New York, NY: United Nations.Google Scholar
Weber, M. (2009). The theory of social and economic organization. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. Q. (1968). Varieties of police behavior: The management of law and order in eight communities (a Harvard paperback). Massachusetts, US: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar