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Management of paediatric acute mastoiditis: systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2017

R Loh ,
M Phua  and
C-K L Shaw
R Loh*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Modbury Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
M Phua
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Modbury Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
C-K L Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Modbury Hospital, Adelaide, Australia Discipline of Surgery, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Australia
*
Address for correspondence: Ms Rachel Loh, Shaw House, 37 Dequetteville Terrace, Kent Town, SA 5067, Australia E-mail: racheloh.wl@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background:

Acute mastoiditis remains the commonest intratemporal complication of otitis media in the paediatric population. There has been a lack of consensus regarding the diagnosis and management of acute mastoiditis, resulting in considerable disparity in conservative and surgical management.

Objectives:

To review the current literature, proposing recommendations for the management of paediatric acute mastoiditis and appraising the treatment outcomes.

Method:

A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases.

Results:

Twenty-one studies were included, with a total of 564 patients. Cure rates of medical treatment, conservative surgery and mastoidectomy were 95.9 per cent, 96.3 per cent and 89.1 per cent, respectively.

Conclusion:

Mastoidectomy may be the most definitive treatment available; however, reviewed data suggest that conservative treatment alone has high efficacy as first-line treatment in uncomplicated cases of acute mastoiditis, and conservative therapy may be an appropriate first-line management when treating acute mastoiditis.

Keywords

PediatricsOtitis MediaMastoiditisAbscessOtologic Surgical ProceduresConservative Treatment
Type
Review Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 132 , Issue 2 , February 2018 , pp. 96 - 104
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2017 

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