Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:07:36.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The N3 potential and the efferent cochlear pathway in profound sensorineural hearing loss

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

M H Abou-Elew ,
N A Hosni ,
E A Obaid  and
A H Ewida
M H Abou-Elew*
Affiliation:
Audio-Vestibular Unit, ORL Department, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
N A Hosni
Affiliation:
Audio-Vestibular Unit, ORL Department, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
E A Obaid
Affiliation:
Audiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
A H Ewida
Affiliation:
Audio-Vestibular Unit, ORL Department, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
*
Address for correspondence: Dr M H Abou-Elew, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Kasr Alainy Hospital, Manial 11562, Cairo, EGYPT E-mail: mahabouelew@kasralainy.edu.eg
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the N3 potential (acoustically evoked short latency negative response) in profound sensorineural hearing loss, its association with the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and the relationship between both potentials and loss of auditory function.

Methods:

Otological examinations of 66 ears from 50 patients aged from 4 to 36 years were performed, and the vestibular evoked myogenic potential and auditory brainstem response were measured.

Results:

The N3 potential was recorded in 36 out of 66 ears (55 per cent) and a vestibular evoked myogenic potential was recorded in 34 (52 per cent). The N3 potential was recorded in 23 out of 34 ears (68 per cent) with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response and absent in 19 out of 32 ears (59 per cent) without a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response. The presence of an N3 potential was significantly associated with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response (p = 0.028), but there was no significant difference in the latency or amplitude of the N3 potential in either the presence or absence of a vestibular evoked myogenic potential.

Conclusion:

The presence of an N3 potential in profound sensorineural hearing loss with good or poor vestibular function can be explained by the contribution of the efferent cochlear pathway through olivocochlear fibres that join the inferior vestibular nerve. This theory is supported by its early latency and reversed polarity, which is masked in normal hearing by auditory brainstem response waves.

Keywords

Hearing Loss, SensorineuralVestibular Evoked Myogenic PotentialsVestibular NerveOlivary Nucleus
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 131 , Issue 4 , April 2017 , pp. 334 - 340
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Popper, A, Platt, C, Saidal, W. Acoustic functions in the fish ear. Trends Neurosci 1982;5:276–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2 Hain, TC. Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP) Testing. In: http://www.dizzinessandbalance.com/testing/vemp.html [4 June 2016]Google Scholar
3 Colebatch, JG, Halmagyi, GM, Skuse, NF. Myogenic potentials generated by a click-evoked vestibulocollic reflex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:190–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4 Ochi, K, Ohashi, T. Sound-evoked myogenic potentials and responses with 3-ms latency in auditory brainstem response. Laryngoscope 2001;111:1818–21Google Scholar
5 Kato, T, Shiraishi, K, Eura, Y, Shibata, K, Sakata, T, Morizono, T et al. A ‘neural’ response with 3-ms latency evoked by loud sound in profoundly deaf patients. Audiol Neurootol 1998;3:253–64Google Scholar
6 Nong, DX, Ura, M, Kyuna, A, Owa, T, Noda, Y. Saccular origin of acoustically evoked short latency negative response. Otol Neurotol 2002;23:953–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7 Murofushi, T, Iwasaki, S, Takai, Y, Takegoshi, H. Sound-evoked neurogenic responses with short latency of vestibular origin. Clin Neurophysiol 2005;116:401–5Google Scholar
8 Emara, AA. Acoustically evoked, short latency negative response in children with sensorineural hearing loss. J Laryngol Otol 2010;124:141–6Google Scholar
9 Jafari, Z, Asad, Malayeri S, Rezazadeh, N, Hajiheydari, F. Correlation between acoustically evoked short latency negative response and vestibular myogenic potentials in children with profound sensorineural hearing-loss. Audiol 2012;21:8–16 Google Scholar
10 Jafari, Z, Asad, Malayeri S. The effect of saccular function on static balance ability of profound hearing-impaired children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2011;75:919–24Google Scholar
11 Zagólski, O. An acoustically evoked short latency negative response in profound hearing loss infants. Auris Nasus Larynx 2008;35:328–32Google Scholar
12 Nong, DX, Ura, M, Owa, T, Noda, Y. An acoustically evoked short latency negative response in profound hearing loss patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2000;120:960–6Google Scholar
13 Kumar, K, Bhat, JS, Guttedar, AS. Effect of intensity on prevalence of N3 potential in ears with severe to profound hearing loss. Online J Health Allied Sci 2011;10:17 Google Scholar
14 Bleyer, A. The adolescent and young adult gap in cancer care and outcome. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2005;35:182–217 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15 Geiger, AM, Castellino, SM. Delineating the age ranges used to define adolescents and young adults. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:492–3Google Scholar
16 Thomas, DM, Albritton, KH, Ferrari, A. Adolescent and young adult oncology: an emerging field. J Clin Oncol 2010;28:4781–2Google Scholar
17 Jacot, E, Van Den Abbeele, T, Debre, HR, Wiener-Vacher, SR. Vestibular impairments pre- and post-cochlear implant in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2009;73:209–17CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18 Sazgar, AA, Dortaj, V, Akrami, K, Akrami, S, Karimi Yazdi, AR. Saccular damage in patients with high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2006;263:608–13Google Scholar
19 Weber, PC. Clinical anatomy and physiology. In: Baptista, C, Zurhellen, OJ, Gumpert, E, Kerner, S, eds. Vertigo and Disequilibrium: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Management, 1st edn. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, 2008;47 Google Scholar
20 McCue, MP, Guinan, JJ. Sound-evoked activity in primary afferent neurons of a mammalian vestibular system. Am J Otol 1997;18:355–60Google Scholar
21 Hajari, SN, Sheibanizadeh, A, Pourbakht, A, Zarrinkoub, H, Kamali, M, Ramezani, M. Comparison acoustically evoked short latency negative response with vestibular evoked myogenic potential in adults with profound hearing loss. Audiol 2012;21:17–25 Google Scholar
22 Burian, M, Gstoettner, W, Zundritsch, R. Saccular afferent fibers to the cochlear nucleus in the guinea pig. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1989;246:238–41Google Scholar
23 Cazals, Y, Aurousseau, C. Saccular acoustic responses in the guinea pig involve superior olive but not inferior colliculus. In: Graham, MD, Kemink, JL, eds. The Vestibular System: Neurophysiologic and Clinical Research. New York: Raven Press, 1987;601–6Google Scholar
24 Waring, MD. Auditory brain-stem responses evoked by electrical stimulation of the cochlear nucleus in human subjects. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1995;96:338–47Google Scholar
25 Versino, M, Ranza, L, Colnaghi, S, Alloni, R, Callieco, R, Romani, A et al. The N3 potential compared to sound and galvanic vestibular evoked myogenic potential in healthy subjects and in multiple sclerosis patients. J Vestib Res 2007;17:39–46 Google Scholar
26 Ciuman, RR. The efferent system or olivocochlear function bundle – fine regulator and protector of hearing perception. Int J Biomed Sci 2010;6:276–88CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27 Oort, H. Über die verästelung des nervus octavus bei Säugetieren [in German]. Anat Anz 1918;851:272–80Google Scholar
28 Ünel, S, Yilmaz, M, Albayram, S, Işık, Z, Ceyhan, E, Isildak, H et al. Anastomoses of the vestibular, cochlear, and facial nerves. J Craniofac Surg 2012;23:1358–61Google Scholar
29 Wang, J, Chi, FL, Zhao, H, Xin, Y. Projection from the cochlear nucleus to the peripheral vestibule in Wistar rats. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2011;73:229–36Google Scholar
30 Cazals, Y, Erre, JP, Aurousseau, C. Eighth nerve auditory evoked responses recorded at the base of the vestibular nucleus in the guinea pig. Hear Res 1987;31:93–7Google Scholar
31 Moller, AR, Jannetta, PJ. Neural generators of the auditory brainstem response. In: Jacobson, JT, ed. The Auditory Brainstem Response, 1st edn. San Diego: College-Hill Press, 1985;13–31 Google Scholar