Pulsatile tinnitus as a symptom of cervicocephalic arterial dissection

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate pulsatile tinnitus as a presenting symptom in cervicocephalic arterial dissection (CCAD). Of the 136 consecutive patients with confirmed CCAD, 16 presented with pulsatile tinnitus. On admission 10 patients presented with subjective tinnitus and five with objective tinnitus, tinnitus being the only presenting symptom in one case. In one further case with bilateral ICA dissection (ICAD) subjective tinnitus appeared three months after the initial symptoms of arterial dissection, despite a contralateral cervical bruit being evident on admission. Thirteen patients presented with headache or neck pain. Ischaemic symptoms were detected in six and Horner’s syndrome in four patients. Vertigo and dysgeusia were reported in two patients each. Arterial dissection involved unilateral ICA in 11, bilateral ICA in two, unilateral vertebral artery (VA) in two and bilateral ICA and bilateral VA in one patient. In angiography the most common finding was irregular stenosis, and the majority of these abnormalities normalized during follow-up. To avoid delay in diagnosis a high index of suspicion and early angiography (digital subtraction or magnetic resonance angiography) are warranted.