Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T08:14:51.570Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Currents in Contemporary Ethics: Pediatric Obesity: Ethical Dilemmas in Treatment and Prevention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2021

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
JLME Column
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Law, Medicine and Ethics 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Styne, D. M., “Childhood and Adolescent Obesity, Prevalence and Significance,” Pediatric Clinics of North America 48 (2001): 823854, at 825–826; Troiano, R. P. et al., “Overweight Prevalence and Trends for Children and Adolescents: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1963 to 1991,” Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 149 (1995): 1085–1091, at 1089; Power, C. Lake, J. K. Cole, T. J., “Review: Measurement and Long-term Health Risks of Child and Adolescent Fatness,” International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 21 (1997): 507–526, at 515; Dietz, W. H., “Health Consequences of Obesity in Youth: Childhood Predictors of Adult Disease,” Pediatrics 101 (1998): 518–525, at 523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Styne, , supra note 1, at 826; Siervogel, R. M. et al., “Patterns of Change in Weight/Stature – From 2 to 18 Years: Findings from Long-term Serial Data for Children in the Fels Longitudinal Growth Study,” International Journal of Obesity 15 (1991): 479485, at 483; Cole, T. J. Freeman, J. V. Preece, M. A., “Body Mass Index Reference Curves for the UK, 1990,” Archives of Disease in Childhood 73 (1995): 25–29; National Center for Health Statistics and National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Clinical Growth Charts, at <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/nhanes/growthcharts/clinical_charts.htm> (last visited June 11, 2005).Google Scholar
Freedman, D. S. et al., “Relation of BMI to Fat and Fat-Free Mass Among Children and Adolescents,” International Journal of Obesity 29 (2005): 18, at 6.Google Scholar
Daniels, S. R. Khoury, P. R. Morrison, J. A., “The Utility of Body Mass Index as a Measure of Body Fatness in Children and Adolescents: Differences by Race and Gender,” Pediatrics 99 (1997): 804807, at 806–807.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, D. S. et al., “Relationship of Childhood Obesity to Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study,” Pediatrics 108 (2001): 712718, at 714; Must, A. et al., “Long-term Morbidity and Mortality of Overweight Adolescents: A Follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935,” N. Engl. J. Med. 327 (1992): 1350–1355, at 1351–1352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedley, A. A. et al., “Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among US Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 1999–2002,” JAMA 291 (2004): 28472850, at 2848; Center for Disease Control and Prevention, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Prevalence of Overweight Among Children and Adolescents: United States, 1999–2000, at <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/overwght99.htm> (last visited April 25, 2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedley, , supra note 6, at 2848.Google Scholar
Id. at 2849.Google Scholar
Troiano, R. P. Flegal, K. M., “Overweight Children and Adolescents: Description, Epidemiology, and Demographics,” Pediatrics 101 (1998): 497504, at 500.Google Scholar
Id. at 502.Google Scholar
Pinhas-Hamiel, O. et al., “Increased Incidence of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Among Adolescents,” The Journal of Pediatrics 128 (1996): 608615, at 611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinha, R. et al., “Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Tolerance Among Children and Adolescents with Marked Obesity,” The N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (2002): 802810, at 803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Figueroa-Colon, R. et al., “Prevalence of Obesity with Increased Blood Pressure in Elementary School-Aged Children,” Southern Medical Journal 90 (1997): 806813, at 809.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, D. S. et al., “The Relation of Overweight to Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Children and Adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study,” Pediatrics 103 (1999): 11751182, at 1178, table 4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Id. at 1179.Google Scholar
Must, A. Strauss, R. S., “Risks and Consequences of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity,” International Journal of Obesity 23, Supplement no. 2 (1999): S2S11, at S3–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, , supra note 5, at 713; Power, , supra note 1, at 511; Guo, S. S. Chumlea, W. C., “Tracking of Body Mass Index in Children in Relation to Overweight in Adulthood,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 70, supplement (1999): 145S148S, at 147S.Google Scholar
Schwimmer, J. B. Burwinkle, T. M. Varni, J. W., “Health-Related Quality of Life of Severely Obese Children and Adolescents,” JAMA 289 (2003): 18131819, at 1816.Google Scholar
Must, Strauss, , supra note 16, at S5; Mo-Suwan, L. et al., “School Performance and Weight Status of Children and Young Adolescents in a Transitional Society in Thailand,” International Journal of Obesity 23 (1999): 272277, at 275.Google Scholar
Gortmaker, S. L. et al., “Social and Economic Consequences of Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood,” N. Engl. J. Med. 329 (1993): 10081012, at 1010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, L. H. Roemmich, J. N., “Behavioral Therapy in the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity,” Pediatric Clinics of North America 48 (2001): 981993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dietz, W. H. Robinson, T. N., “Overweight Children and Adolescents,” N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (2005): 21002109, at 2105.Google Scholar
Physicians’ Desk Reference, 59th Edition (Montvale, NJ: Thomson PDR, 2005): At 498 and 2954.Google Scholar
Padwal, R. Li, S. K. Lau, D. C. W., “Long-term Pharmacotherapy for Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials,” International Journal of Obesity 27 (2003): 14371446, at 1440–1441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Id. at 1445.Google Scholar
PDR, supra note 23, at 498 and 2955.Google Scholar
Klem, M. L. et al., “A Case-Control Study of Successful Maintenance of a Substantial Weight Loss: Individuals Who Lost Weight Through Surgery Versus Those Who Lost Weight Through Non-Surgical Means,” International Journal of Obesity 24 (2000): 573579, at 575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rand, C. S. W. MacGregor, A. M. C., “Adolescents Having Obesity Surgery: A 6-Year Follow-Up,” Southern Medical Journal 87 (1994): 12081213, at 1210–1211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, , supra note 5, at 713.Google Scholar
Carnell, S. et al., “Parental Perceptions of Overweight in 3–5 y Olds,” International Journal of Obesity 29 (2005): 353355, at 354; Baughcum, A. E. et al., “Maternal Perceptions of Overweight Preschool Children,” Pediatrics 106 (2000): 1380–1386, at 1382; Wake, M. et al., “Parent-reported Health Status of Overweight and Obese Australian Primary School Children: A Cross-sectional Population Survey,” International Journal of Obesity 26 (2002): 717–724, at 720; Maynard, L. M. et al., “Maternal Perceptions of Weight Status of Children,” Pediatrics 111 (2003): 1226–1231, at 1227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar