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Chrysanthemum like carbon nanofiber foam architectures for supercapacitors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2013

Wei Wang ,
Shirui Guo ,
Mihrimah Ozkan  and
Cengiz S. Ozkan
Wei Wang
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; and Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
Shirui Guo
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
Mihrimah Ozkan*
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; and Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
Cengiz S. Ozkan*
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
*
a)Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: mihri@ee.ucr.edu
b)e-mail: cengiz.ozkan@ucr.edu
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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) chrysanthemum-like carbon nanofiber (CCNF) foam architectures were synthesized on highly porous nickel foam via a one-step ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition process by introducing a mixture of precursor gases (H2 and C2H2). The as-synthesized 3D foam architectures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, which demonstrate high porosity and a densely packed nature of the hierarchical carbon nanostructures. Symmetrical electrochemical double-layer capacitors were fabricated using electrodes based on the CCNF foam architectures. Cyclic voltammetry, charge–discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted to determine the performance metrics. The supercapacitors (SCs) demonstrate a high areal capacitance of 1.37 F/cm2 (gravimetric specific capacitance: 23.83 F/g), which leads to superior values for per area energy density (0.19 Wh/cm2) and power density (141.77 W/cm2). In addition, capacitance retention of ∼100% over 13,000 charge–discharge cycles demonstrates the high electrochemical stability of this type of carbon nanostructure foam for high areal capacitance SCs.

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Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 28 , Issue 7: Focus Issue: De Novo Carbon Nanomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges in a Flat World , 14 April 2013 , pp. 912 - 917
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013

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