Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-03T21:34:55.525Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Failure of curved brittle layer systems from radial cracking in concentrated surface loading

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Matthew Rudas ,
Tarek Qasim ,
Mark B. Bush  and
Brian R. Lawn
Matthew Rudas
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
Tarek Qasim
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
Mark B. Bush
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
Brian R. Lawn*
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8500
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: brian.lawn@nist.gov
Get access

Abstract

A study was made of radial crack evolution in curved brittle layers on compliant support substrates. Three-dimensional boundary element analysis was used to compute the stepwise growth of radial cracks that initiate at the bottom surfaces of glass on polymeric support layers, from initiation to final failure. The algorithm calculates reconstituted displacement fields in the near-tip region of the extending cracks, enabling direct evaluation of stress-intensity factors. Available experimental data on the same material systems with prescribed surface curvatures were used to validate the essential features of the predicted crack evolution, particularly the stability conditions prior to ultimate failure. It was shown that the critical loads to failure diminish with increasing surface curvature. Generalization of the ensuing fracture mechanics to include alternative brittle-layer/polymer-substrate systems enabled an explicit expression for the critical load to failure in terms of material properties and layer thicknesses. Implications concerning practical layer systems, particularly dental crowns, are briefly discussed.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 10 , October 2005 , pp. 2812 - 2819
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Eberhardt, A.W., Lewis, J.L. and Keer, L.M.: Normal contact of elastic spheres with two elastic layers as a model of joint articulation. ASME J. Biomed. Eng. 113, 410 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Diao, D.F., Kato, K. and Hokkirigawa, K.: Fracture mechanisms of ceramic coatings in indentation. Trans. ASME J. Tribol. 116, 860 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3An, L., Chan, H.M., Padture, N.P. and Lawn, B.R.: Damage-resistant alumina-based layer composites. J. Mater. Res. 11, 204 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Lardner, T.J., Ritter, J.E. and Zhu, G-Q.: Spherical indentation and fracture of glass plates. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80, 1851 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Chai, H., Lawn, B.R. and Wuttiphan, S.: Fracture modes in brittle coatings with large interlayer modulus mismatch. J. Mater. Res. 14, 3805 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Lawn, B.R., Lee, K.S., Chai, H., Pajares, A., Kim, D.K., Wuttiphan, S., Peterson, I.M. and Hu, X.: Damage-resistant brittle coatings. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2, 745 (2000).3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Rhee, Y-W., Kim, H-W., Deng, Y. and Lawn, B.R.: Contact-induced damage in ceramic coatings on compliant substrates: Fracture mechanics and design. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 1066 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Zhao, H., Hu, X., Bush, M.B. and Lawn, B.R.: Cracking of porcelain coatings bonded to metal substrates of different modulus and hardness. J. Mater. Res. 16, 1471 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Deng, Y., Lawn, B.R. and Lloyd, I.K.: Characterization of damage modes in dental ceramic bilayer structures. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 63B, 137 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Chai, H.: Fracture mechanics analysis of thin coatings under spherical indentation. Int. J. Fract. 119, 263 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Lawn, B.R., Pajares, A., Zhang, Y., Deng, Y., Polack, M., Lloyd, I.K., Rekow, E.D. and Thompson, V.P.: Materials design in the performance of all-ceramic crowns. Biomaterials 25, 2885 (2004).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Kim, H-W., Deng, Y., Miranda, P., Pajares, A., Kim, D.K., Kim, H-E. and Lawn, B.R.: Effect of flaw state on the strength of brittle coatings on soft substrates. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 2377 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Kelly, J.R.: Clinically relevant approach to failure testing of all-ceramic restorations. J. Prosthet. Dent. 81, 652 (1999).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Lawn, B.R., Deng, Y. and Thompson, V.P.: Use of contact testing in the characterization and design of all-ceramic crown-like layer structures: A review. J. Prosthet. Dent. 86, 495 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Willmann, G.: Ceramic femoral heads for total hip arthroplasty. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2, 114 (2000).3.0.CO;2-P>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Willmann, G.: Improving bearing surfaces of artificial joints. Adv. Eng. Mater. 3, 135 (2001).3.0.CO;2-B>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Qasim, T., Bush, M.B., Hu, X. and Lawn, B.R.: Contact damage in brittle coating layers: influence of surface curvature. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 3, 179 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Qasim, T., Ford, C., Bush, M.B., Hu, X. and Lawn, B.R.: Effect of off-axis concentrated loading on failure of curved brittle layer structures. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B (in press).Google Scholar
19Lawn, B.R.: Indentation of ceramics with spheres: A century after Hertz. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 81, 1977 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Lawn, B.R.: Ceramic-based layer structures for biomechanical applications. Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 6, 229 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Cao, Y.: Three-dimensional finite element modeling of subsurface median crack in trilayer sandwiches due to contact loading. Eng. Fract. Mech. 69, 729 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Bush, M.B.: Prediction of crack trajectory by the boundary element method. Struct. Eng. Mech. 7, 575 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Rudas, M., Bush, M.B. and Reimanis, I.E.: The kinking behaviour of a bimaterial interface crack under indentation loading. Eng. Anal. Bound. Elem. 28, 1455 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Rooke, D.P. and Cartright, D.J.: Compendium of Stress Intensity Factors (Hillingdon Press, Uxbridge, Middlesex, U.K., 1976).Google Scholar
25Peterson, I.M., Pajares, A., Lawn, B.R., Thompson, V.P. and Rekow, E.D.: Mechanical characterization of dental ceramics using Hertzian contacts. J. Dent. Res. 77, 589 (1998).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26Ray, K.K. and Dutta, A.K.: Comparative study on indentation fracture toughness evaluations of soda-lime glass. Brit. Ceram. Trans. 98, 165 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Rhee, Y-W., Kim, H-W., Deng, Y. and Lawn, B.R.: Brittle fracture versus quasiplasticity in ceramics: A simple predictive index. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 561 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Lee, C-S., Kim, D.K., Sanchez, J., Miranda, P., Pajares, A. and Lawn, B.R.: Rate effects in critical loads for radial cracking in ceramic coatings. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 85, 2019 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Chai, H. and Lawn, B.R.: Fracture mode transitions in brittle coating layers on compliant substrates as a function of thickness. J. Mater. Res. 19, 1752 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Zhang, Y., Bhowmick, S. and Lawn, B.R. Competing fracture modes in brittle materials subject to concentrated cyclic loading in liquid environments: Bilayer structures. (in press).Google Scholar