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In situ transmission electron microscopic investigations of reduction-oxidation reactions during densification of nickel nanoparticles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2012

Misa Matsuno ,
Cecile S. Bonifacio ,
Jorgen F. Rufner ,
Andrew M. Thron ,
Troy B. Holland ,
Amiya K. Mukherjee  and
Klaus van Benthem
Misa Matsuno
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Cecile S. Bonifacio
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Jorgen F. Rufner
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Andrew M. Thron
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Troy B. Holland
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Amiya K. Mukherjee
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
Klaus van Benthem*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: benthem@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

The consolidation of crystalline powders to obtain dense microstructures is typically achieved through a combination of volume and grain boundary diffusion. In situ transmission electron microscopy was utilized to study neck formation between adjacent nickel particles during the early stages of sintering. It was found that the presence of carbon during consolidation of Ni lowers the reduction temperature of nickel oxides on the particle surface and therefore has the potential to accelerate consolidation. In the absence of carbon, the surface oxides remain present during the early stage of sintering and neck formation between particles is limited by self-diffusion of nickel through the oxide layer. This study provides direct experimental evidence that corroborates related earlier hypotheses of self-cleaning on the surface of the nanoparticles that precedes neck formation and growth.

Keywords

sinteringsurface reactiontransmission electron microscopy
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 27 , Issue 18 , 28 September 2012 , pp. 2431 - 2440
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

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