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Templated self-assembly of non-close-packed colloidal crystals: Toward diamond cubic and novel heterostructures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 January 2011

Vyom Sharma ,
Deying Xia ,
Chee C. Wong ,
W. Craig Carter  and
Yet-Ming Chiang
Vyom Sharma
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Deying Xia
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
Chee C. Wong
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
W. Craig Carter
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Yet-Ming Chiang*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: ychiang@mit.edu
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Abstract

We demonstrate the formation of non-close-packed binary colloidal structures through a novel layer-by-layer directed self-assembly methodology. In this approach we deposit colloidal suspensions of particle concentration and controlled electrostatic potential onto a planar template with a periodic array of features that is able to trap the particles, nucleating ordered domains with a template-defined symmetry and periodicity that permits subsequent, sequential deposition to produce an ordered heterostructure. Specifically, a silicon template with a hole pattern formed by interference lithography that corresponds to [100] symmetry of a cubic system has been used. At low particle concentrations, and using a Debye length that is on the order of the particle diameter, ordered domains in which polystyrene (PS) particles occupy every other site in the template are formed. The remaining sites on the 2D template are then filled by identically sized silica particles using vertical deposition. This process is repeated to produce a second layer of the same structure. Upon removing the PS particles, a two-layer non-close-packed structure that is a half-unit-cell precursor to the diamond cubic structure is obtained. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of colloidal self-assembly to obtain a non-close-packed multilayer structure. Challenges that remain in applying the approach to create extended three-dimensional structures are discussed.

Keywords

ColloidSelf-Assembly
Type
Reviews
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 26 , Issue 2: Focus Issue: Self-Assembly and Directed Assembly of Advanced Materials , 28 January 2011 , pp. 247 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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