Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T12:23:39.916Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of the frequency of electromagnetic vibrations on microstructural refinement of AZ91D magnesium alloy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2004

Yoshiki Mizutani ,
Jun Kawata ,
Kenji Miwa ,
Kazuo Yasue ,
Takuya Tamura  and
Yasuji Sakaguchi
Yoshiki Mizutani*
Affiliation:
Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
Jun Kawata
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
Kenji Miwa
Affiliation:
Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
Kazuo Yasue
Affiliation:
Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
Takuya Tamura
Affiliation:
Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
Yasuji Sakaguchi
Affiliation:
Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
*
a)Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Address all correspondence to this author.e-mail: y-mizutani@aist.go.jp
Get access

Abstract

The static magnetic field and the alternating electric field were simultaneously imposed on AZ91D magnesium alloy melt, and α-dendrite particles were refined by the electromagnetic vibrations. The effect of the frequency of electromagnetic vibrations on microstructural refinement was quantitatively investigated. In the frequency range from 60 to 1000 Hz, the vibration frequency near 200 Hz was the most effective for the refinement of α-dendrite particles, and α-dendrite particles were refined up to approximately 100 μm from 1800 μm at this frequency. However, the effect of refinement by the electromagnetic vibrations became weak at frequencies above 400 Hz. Although the degree of refinement of the primary particles differed with the frequency of the electromagnetic vibrations, the dendrite arm spacing was almost constant, 30–40 μm, in our experiment. Therefore, the refinement of primary α-dendrite particles is likely to be caused by collapse of dendrite arms due to the cavitation phenomenon and the stirring of the melt.

Keywords

CastingMetalCastin, metal
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 19 , Issue 10 , October 2004 , pp. 2997 - 3003
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Spencer, D.B., Mehrabian, R. and Flemings, M.C.: Rheological behavior of Sn-15 pct Pb in the crystallization range. Metall. Trans. 3, 1925 (1972).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Erickson, S.C. A process for the injection molding of thixotropic magnesium alloy parts. In Proc. of 44th Annual World Magnesium Conf., edited by B.B. Clow. (The International Magnesium Association, Tokyo, Japan, 1987), p. 39.Google Scholar
3Bradley, N.L. and Frederick, P.S. Injection molding of thixotropic magnesium: update. In Proc. of 46th Annual World Magnesium Conf., edited by Clow, B.B.. (The International Magnesium Association, Dearborn, MI, 1989), p. 63.Google Scholar
4Decker, R.F., Carnahan, R.D., Newman, R.O., Bradley, N.L., Frederick, P.S., Schafer, W.J., Mihelich, J.L., Kilbert, R., Thompson, L.G., Spalding, G.T., Dawson, D.C. and Jones, J.C. Thixomolding. In Proc. of 47th Annual World Magnesium Conf., edited by Clow, B.B.. (The International Magnesium Association, Cannes, France, 1990), p. 106.Google Scholar
5Gremaud, M., Carrard, M. and Kurz, W.: Banding phenomena in Al-Fe alloys subjected to laser surface treatment. Acta Metall. Mater. 39, 1431 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Bertero, G.A., Hofmeister, W.H., Robinson, M.B. and Bayuzick, R.J.: Containerless processing and rapid solidification of Nb-Si alloys in the niobium-rich eutectic range. Metall. Trans. A 22, 2713 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Stritharan, T. and Li, H.: Influence of titanium to boron ratio on the ability to grain refine aluminum-silicon alloys. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 63, 585 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Lee, Y.C., Dahle, A.K., StJohn, D.H. and Hutt, J.E.C.: The effect of grain refinement and silicon content on grain formation in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 259, 43 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Kori, S.A., Murty, B.S. and Chakraborty, M.: Development of an efficient grain refiner for Al-7Si alloy and its modification with strontium. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 283, 94 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Liu, C., Xia, K. and Li, W.: The comparison of effects of four rare earth elements additions on structures and grain sizes of Ti-44Al alloy. J. Mater. Sci. 37, 1515 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Lee, C.T. and Chen, S.W.: Quantities of grains of aluminum and those of TiB2 and Al3Ti particles added in the grain-refining processed. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 325, 242 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Yano, E., Tamura, Y., Motegi, T. and Sato, E.: Effect of carbon powder on grain refinement of an AZ91E magnesium alloy. Mater. Trans. 44, 107 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Hiedemann, E.A.: Metallurgical effects of ultrasonic waves. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 26, 831 (1954).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Abramov, O.V.: Action of high intensity ultrasound on solidifying metal. Ultrasonics 25, 73 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Abramov, V.O., Abramov, O.V., Straumal, B.B. and Gust, W.: Hypereutectic Al-Si based alloys with a thixotropic microstructure produced by ultrasonic treatment. Mater. Des. 18, 323 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Enomoto, N., Iimura, Y. and Nakagawa, Z.: Microstructure of nitrate polycrystals solidified under ultrasonic vibration. J. Mater. Res. 2, 371 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Vivès, C.: Effects of electromagnetic vibrations on the microstructure of continuously cast aluminum alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 173, 169 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Vivès, C.: Effects of forced electromagnetic vibrations during the solidification of aluminum alloys: Part I. Solidification in the presence of crossed alternating electric fields and stationary magnetic fields. Metall. Mater. Trans. B 27, 445 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Vivès, C.: Effects of forced electromagnetic vibrations during the solidification of aluminum alloys: Part II. Solidification in the presence of collinear variable and stationary magnetic fields. Metall. Mater. Trans. B 27, 457 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Vivès, C.: Crystallization of aluminum alloys in the presence of cavitation phenomena induced by a vibrating electromagnetic pressure. J. Cryst. Growth 158, 118 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Vivès, C.: Crystallization of aluminum alloys in the presence of vertical electromagnetic force fields. J. Cryst. Growth 173, 541 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Radjai, A., Miwa, K. and Nishio, T.: An investigation of the effects caused by electromagnetic vibrations in a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy melt. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 29, 1477 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Radjai, A. and Miwa, K.: Effects of the intensity and frequency of electromagnetic vibrations on the microstructural refinement of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 755 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Radjai, A. and Miwa, K.: Structural refinement of gray iron by electromagnetic vibrations. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33, 3025 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Kawai, S., Wang, Q., Iwai, K. and Asai, S.: Generation of compression waves by simultaneously imposing a static magnetic field and an alternating current and its use for refinement of solidified structure. Mater. Trans. 42, 275 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Miwa, K.: New microstructural refinement process of metallic materials by electromagnetic vibrations. AIST Today 1, 15 (2001).Google Scholar
27Mizutani, Y., Ohura, Y., Miwa, K., Yasue, K., Tamura, T. and Sakaguchi, Y.: Effect of the Electromagnetic Vibration Intensity on Microstructural Refinement of Al-7%Si Alloy. Mater. Trans. 45,1944 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Osawa, Y., Arakane, G., Takamori, S., Sato, A. and Ohashi, O.: Effect of ultrasonic vibration on refining of crystal structures of Al-Si alloys during solidification. J. Jpn. Foundry Eng. Soc . 71, 98 (1999).Google Scholar