Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T18:21:34.700Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Extracting yield strength and strain-hardening exponent of metals with a double-angle indenter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Genliang Hou ,
Fei Wang  and
Kewei Xu
Genliang Hou
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; and Xi'an Institute of High Technology, Xi'an 710025, People's Republic of China
Fei Wang
Affiliation:
MOE Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, People's Republic of China
Kewei Xu*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi?an Jiaotong University, Xi?an 710049, People?s Republic of China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: kwxu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
Get access

Abstract

A double-angle indenter model is proposed to determine the representative strain in the indentation process, and a new method is then developed aiming at the extraction of the yield strength and strain-hardening exponent from the surface layer of metals, because surface properties, especially in a small region, may differ from bulk ones and are sometimes closer to service properties such as fatigue strength, wear, and corrosion resistance. First, the isotropic metal was analyzed, the elastic modulus of which was fixed at 128 GPa, the yield strength was 50 to 200 MPa, and the strain-hardening exponent was 0.1 to 0.5. By introducing the yield strain to substitute the yield strength in the calculation, it was proved that the model can cover the majority of metals because the introduced weight parameter λ is independent of the yield strength and the elastic modulus, although it depends on the strain-hardening exponent to some extent. For the determination of yield strain εY (or yield strength Y), the precision is better for low C/E and low n, whereas for the determination of strain-hardening exponent n, the precision is better for high C/E and low εY. By using the double-angle indenter, the material constitutive relationship at the surface can be evaluated from just one indentation without any other measurements.

Keywords

MetalNanoindentationStress/strain relationship
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , May 2009 , pp. 1674 - 1682
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Xiuying, G., Jiabao, L., Zengqiao, K., and Jiawen, H.: Surface yielding of metals by x-ray diffraction. J. Mar. Sci. Technol. 9, 205 (1993).Google Scholar
2.Hongwei, W., Jinsheng, M., Junma, N., and Jiawen, H.: Surface yield strength versus fatigue limit for steels. Acta Metall. Sinica 27, A365 (1991).Google Scholar
3.Jiawen, H.: Surface strength and its effect on fatigue transactions of metal. Heat Treat. 61, 183 (1997).Google Scholar
4.Ma, D.J., Xu, K.W., and He, J.W.: Numerical simulation for determining the mechanical properties of thin metal films using depth-sensing indentation technique. Thin Solid Films 323, 183 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Ma, D.J., Xu, K.W., and He, J.W.: Evaluation of the mechanical properties of thin metal films. Surf. Coat. Technol. 119, 128 (1999).Google Scholar
6.Field, J.S. and Swain, M.V.: Determining the mechanical properties of small volumes of material from submicrometer spherical indentations. J. Mater. Res. 10, 101 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Taljat, B., Zacharia, T., and Kosel, F.: New analytical procedure to determine stress-strain curve from spherical indentation data. Int. J. Solids Struct. 35, 4411 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Kucharski, S. and Mroz, Z.: Identification of plastic hardening parameters of metals from spherical indentation tests. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 65, 318 (2001).Google Scholar
9.Nayebi, A., Elabdi, R., Bartier, O., and Mauvoisin, G.: New procedure to determine steel mechanical parameters from the spherical indentation technique. Mech. Mater. 34, 243 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Huber, N. and Tsakmakis, C.: Determination of constitutive properties from spherical indentation data using neural networks. Part I: The case of pure kinematic hardening in plasticity laws. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 47, 1569 (1999).Google Scholar
11.Huber, N. and Tsakmakis, C.: Determination of constitutive properties from spherical indentation data using neural networks. Part II: Plasticity with nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 47, 1589 (1999).Google Scholar
12.Herbert, E.G., Pharr, G.M., Oliver, W.C., Lucas, B.N., and Hay, J.L.: On the measurement of stress-strain curves by spherical indentation. Thin Solid Films 398, 331 (2001).Google Scholar
13.Cao, Y.P. and Lu, J.: A new method to extract the plastic properties of metal materials from an instrumented spherical indentation loading curve. Acta Mater. 52, 4023 (2004).Google Scholar
14.Chaudhri, M.M.: Subsurface strain distribution around Vickers hardness indentations in annealed polycrystalline copper. Acta Mater. 46, 3047 (1998).Google Scholar
15.Dao, M., Chollacoop, N., Van Vliet, K.J., Venkatesh, T.A., and Suresh, S.: Computational modeling of the forward and reverse problems in instrumented sharp indentation. Acta Mater. 49, 3899 (2001).Google Scholar
16.Constantinescu, A. and Tardieu, N.: On the identification of elastoviscoplastic constitutive laws from indentation tests. Inverse Prob. Eng. 9, 19 (2001).Google Scholar
17.Bucaille, J.L., Felder, E., and Hochstetter, G.: Identification of the viscoplastic behavior of a polycarbonate based on experiments and numerical modeling of the nano-indentation test. J. Math. Sci. 7, 3999 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Cheng, Y.T. and Cheng, C.M.: Can stress-strain relationships be obtained from indentation curves using conical and pyramidal indenters? J. Mater. Res. 14, 3493 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Cheng, Y.T. and Cheng, C.M.: Scaling relationships in conical indentation of elastic perfectly plastic solids. Int. J. Solids Struct. 36, 1231 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Cheng, Y.T. and Cheng, C.M.: Scaling dimensional analysis, and indentation measurements. Mater. Sci. Eng. 44, 91 (2004).Google Scholar
21.Casals, O. and Alcalá, J.: The duality in mechanical property extractions from Vickers and Berkovich instrumented indentation experiments. Acta Mater. 53, 3545 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Casals, O. and Alcalá, J.: Analytical and experimental resolutions in the duality of mechanical property extractions from instrumented indentation experiments: Comments on “On determination of material parameters from loading and unloading responses in nanoindentation with a single sharp indenter” by L. Wang and S.I. Rokhlin[ J. Mater. Res. 21, 995 (2006)]. J. Mater. Res. 22(5), 1138 (2007).Google Scholar
23.Bucaille, J.L., Stauss, S., Felder, E., and Michler, J.: Determination of plastic properties of metals by instrumented indentation using different sharp indenters. Acta Mater. 51, 1663 (2003).Google Scholar
24.Oliver, W.C. and Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiment. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992).Google Scholar
25.Capehart, T.W. and Cheng, Y.T.: Determining constitutive models from conical indentation sensitivity analysis. J. Mater. Res. 18, 827 (2003).Google Scholar
26.Zeng, K. and Chiu, C.H.: An analysis of load-penetration curves from instrumented indentation. Acta Mater. 49, 3539 (2001).Google Scholar
27.Tunvisut, K., O'Dowd, N.P., and Busso, E.P.: Use of scaling functions to determine mechanical properties of thin coatings from microindentation tests. Int. J. Solids Struct. 38, 335 (2001).Google Scholar
28.Tunvisut, K., Busso, E.P., O'Dowd, N.P., and Brantner, H.P.: Determination of the mechanical properties of metallic thin films and substrates from indentation tests. Philos. Mag. A 82, 2013 (2002).Google Scholar
29.Mata, M. and Alcala, J.: Mechanical property evaluation through sharp indentations in elastoplastic and fully plastic contact regimes., J. Mater. Res. 18, 1705 (2003).Google Scholar
30.Futakawa, M., Wakui, T., Tanabe, Y., and Ioka, I.: Identification of the constitutive equation by the indentation technique using plural indenters with different apex angles. J. Mater. Res. 16, 2283 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.Chollacoop, N., Dao, M., and Suresh, S.: Depth-sensing instrumented indentation with dual sharp indenters. Acta Mater. 51, 3713 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.DiCarlo, A., Yang, H.T.Y., and Chandrasekar, S.: Semi-inverse method for predicting stress-strain relationship from cone indentations. J. Mater. Res. 18, 2068 (2003).Google Scholar
33.Hongzhi, L. and Venkatesh, T.A.: Determination of the elastic and plastic properties of materials through instrumented indentation with reduced sensitivity. Acta Mater. 55, 2025 (2007).Google Scholar