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Fibrous structures on diamond and carbon surfaces formed by hydrogen plasma under direct-current bias and field electron-emission properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Koji Kobashi ,
Takeshi Tachibana ,
Yoshihiro Yokota ,
Nobuyuki Kawakami ,
Kazushi Hayashi ,
Kazuhiro Yamamoto ,
Yoshinori Koga ,
Shuzo Fujiwara ,
Yasuhito Gotoh  and
Hironori Nakahara
...Show all authors
Koji Kobashi
Affiliation:
Frontier Carbon Technology Project/Japan Fine Ceramics Center, c/o Kobe Steel, Ltd., 1–5-5 Takatsuka-dai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651–2271, Japan
Takeshi Tachibana
Affiliation:
Frontier Carbon Technology Project/Japan Fine Ceramics Center, c/o Kobe Steel, Ltd., 1–5-5 Takatsuka-dai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651–2271, Japan
Yoshihiro Yokota
Affiliation:
Frontier Carbon Technology Project/Japan Fine Ceramics Center, c/o Kobe Steel, Ltd., 1–5-5 Takatsuka-dai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651–2271, Japan
Nobuyuki Kawakami
Affiliation:
Frontier Carbon Technology Project/Japan Fine Ceramics Center, c/o Kobe Steel, Ltd., 1–5-5 Takatsuka-dai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651–2271, Japan
Kazushi Hayashi
Affiliation:
Frontier Carbon Technology Project/Japan Fine Ceramics Center, c/o Kobe Steel, Ltd., 1–5-5 Takatsuka-dai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651–2271, Japan
Kazuhiro Yamamoto
Affiliation:
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1–1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305–8565, Japan
Yoshinori Koga
Affiliation:
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1–1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305–8565, Japan
Shuzo Fujiwara
Affiliation:
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1–1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305–8565, Japan
Yasuhito Gotoh
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan
Hironori Nakahara
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan
Hiroshi Tsuji
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan
Junzo Ishikawa
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan
Franz A. Köck
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695–8202
Robert J. Nemanich
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695–8202
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Abstract

Polycrystalline diamond films, single crystal bulk diamonds, and diamond powder were treated in microwave plasma of hydrogen at 1.6 torr under a negative direct-current bias of −150 to −300 V without metal catalyst. It was found that fibrous structures, uniformly elongated along the direction normal to the specimen surface, were formed on the diamond surfaces. Similar experiments for glasslike carbon resulted in conical structures with frizzy fibers at the tops. Transmission electron microscopy measurements indicated that the fibers formed on diamond consisted of randomly oriented diamond nanocrystals with diameters of less than 10 nm, while the conical structures formed on glasslike carbon consisted of graphite nanocrystals. Field emission measurements of the fibrous specimens exhibited better emission efficiency than untreated ones. The field emission electron microscopy of the fibrous glasslike carbon showed a presence of discrete electron emission sites at a density of approximately 10,000 sites/cm2.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , February 2003 , pp. 305 - 326
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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