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Heat-treatment retention time dependence of polyvinylidenechloride-based carbons on their application to electric double-layer capacitors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

M. Endo ,
Y. J. Kim ,
K. Ishii ,
T. Inoue ,
T. Nomura ,
N. Miyashita  and
M. S. Dresselhaus
M. Endo*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4–17–1 Wakasato, Nagano, 380–8553, Japan
Y. J. Kim
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4–17–1 Wakasato, Nagano, 380–8553, Japan
K. Ishii
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4–17–1 Wakasato, Nagano, 380–8553, Japan
T. Inoue
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4–17–1 Wakasato, Nagano, 380–8553, Japan
T. Nomura
Affiliation:
Asahi Chemicals Company, 7–4319 Asahi, Nobeoka, 882–0847, Japan
N. Miyashita
Affiliation:
Asahi Chemicals Company, 7–4319 Asahi, Nobeoka, 882–0847, Japan
M. S. Dresselhaus
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: endo@endomoribu.shinshu-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

The heat-treatment retention time effect of carbonized polyvinylidenechloride (PVDC) was investigated. Homogeneous PVDC with a crystallite size of 267 Å was used as a precursor material for an electric double-layer capacitor electrode. The P-120m material, which was heat treated for 120 min at 700 °C, shows a larger specific capacitance than any other material in this study. It shows the largest values reported up to now, reaching values as high as 100.2 F/g for a two-electrode system, which is equivalent to 400.8 F/g in a conventional three-compartment electrode system. It is difficult to distinguish the difference in the pore-size distribution by way of gas adsorption as the retention time is varied. However, the difference can be clarified using a novel method based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy images. As the retention time for heat treatment increases, the pore size grows through the coalescence of small pores. Furthermore, a new concept for the electric double-layer capacitance is suggested on the basis of analysis of the transmission electron microscopy observations.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , March 2003 , pp. 693 - 701
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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