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Low-field dynamic magnetic alignment and templated grain growth of diamagnetic PMN–PT ceramics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 November 2013

Stephen F. Poterala ,
Richard J. Meyer Jr.  and
Gary L. Messing
Stephen F. Poterala*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; and Now Channel Technologies Group, Santa Barbara, California 93111
Richard J. Meyer Jr.
Affiliation:
Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Gary L. Messing
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: spoterala@channeltech.com
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Abstract

A novel combination of low-field magnetic alignment (MA) and templated grain growth (TGG) was used to fabricate highly textured diamagnetic 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.28PbTiO3 (0.72PMN–0.28PT) ceramics. Samples were produced by nonaqueous slip casting of PMN–PT slurries, in which diamagnetic plate-like 0.4(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–0.6PbTiO3 (0.4NBT–0.6PT) template particles were aligned by dynamic MA in a 2.2-T permanent magnet array. Template alignment improved as slurry viscosity increased, with a 32-vol% solid loading (a viscosity of ∼0.1 Pa s at 0.1 s−1) giving optimal texture quality (7.85° FWHM, f = 92 vol%) after sintering and TGG. Alignment was stable for more than 3 h during slip casting, allowing fabrication of ∼1-cm thick textured ceramics with high piezoelectric response (d33 = 1222 pC/N). The success of dynamic MA at low magnetic field (2.2 T) is attributed to an increase in driving force for alignment of large (5–10 μm) template particles relative to the randomizing effect of Brownian motion (i.e., thermal energy kBT).

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Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 28 , Issue 21 , 14 November 2013 , pp. 2960 - 2969
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

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