Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T16:28:59.391Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A nanoindentation study on grain-boundary contributions to strengthening and aging degradation mechanisms in advanced 12 Cr ferritic steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Jae-il Jang
Affiliation:
Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
Sanghoon Shim
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200
Shin-ichi Komazaki*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
Tetsuya Honda
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: komazaki@mmm.muroran-it.ac.jp
Get access

Abstract

Nanoindentation experiments and microstructural analysis were performed on advanced 12% Cr ferritic steel having extremely fine and complex martensitic microstructures, to answer unsolved questions on the contributions of grain boundaries to strengthening and aging degradation mechanisms in both as-tempered and thermally aged steels. Interesting features of the experimental results led us to suggest that among several high angle boundaries, block boundary is most effective in enhancing the macroscopic strength in as-tempered virgin sample, and that a decrease in matrix strength rather than reduction in grain-boundary strengthening effect is primarily responsible for the macroscopic softening behavior observed during thermal exposure.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Klueh, R.L.: Elevated temperature ferritic and martensitic steels and their application to future nuclear reactors. Int. Mater. Rev. 50, 287 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Krauss, G.: Martensite in steel: Strength and structure. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 273–275, 40 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Dieter, G.E.: Mechanical Metallurgy (McGraw-Hill, UK, 1988) p. 184.Google Scholar
4Marder, J.M. and Marder, A.R.: The morphology of iron-nickel massive martensite. Trans. ASM 62, 1 (1969).Google Scholar
5Maki, T., Tsuzaki, K., and Tamura, I.: The morphology of microstructure composed of lath martensites in steels. Trans. ISIJ 20, 207 (1980).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Morris, J.W. Jr., Guo, Z., Krenn, C.R., and Kim, Y-H.: The limits of strength and toughness in steel. ISIJ Int. 41, 599 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Oliver, W.C. and Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Oliver, W.C. and Pharr, G.M.: Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology. J. Mater. Res. 19, 3 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Ohmura, T., Tsuzaki, K., and Matsuoka, S.: Nanohardness measurement of high-purity Fe-C martensite. Scripta Mater. 45, 889 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Ohmura, T., Hara, T., and Tsuzaki, K.: Relationship between nanohardness and microstructures in high-purity Fe-C as-quenched and quench-tempered martensite. J. Mater. Res. 18, 1465 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Ohmura, T., Hara, T., and Tsuzaki, K.: Evaluation of temper softening behavior of Fe-C binary martensitic steels by nanoindentation. Scripta Mater. 49, 1157 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Li, J., Ohmura, T., and Tzsuzaki, K.: Evaluation of grain boundary effect on strength of Fe-C low alloy martensitic steels by nanoindentation technique. Mater. Trans. 46, 1301 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Sawada, K., Miyahara, K., Kushima, H., Kimura, K., and Matsuoka, S.: Contribution of microstructural factors to hardness change during creep exposure in mod. 9Cr-1Mo steel. ISIJ Int. 45, 1934 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Masuyama, F. and Komai, N.: Long-term creep rupture strength of tungsten-strengthened advanced 9–12% Cr steels. Key Eng. Mater. 171–174, 179 (2000).Google Scholar
15Komazaki, S., Hashida, T., Shoji, T., and Suzuki, K.: Development of small punch tests for creep property measurement of tungsten-alloyed 9% Cr ferritic steels. J. Test. Eval. 28, 249 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Kutsumi, H., Chino, A., and Ishibashi, Y.: Quantitative analysis of laves phase and carbide in high Cr heat-resistance ferritic steels. Tetsu to Hagane 78, 594 1992 in Japanese.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Ishii, R., Tsuda, Y., Fujiyama, K., Kimura, K., and Saito, K.: Creep damage estimation based on the softening behavior of 10Cr-1Mo-1W-VNbN steel. Tetsu to Hagane 89, 699 2003 in Japanese.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Sawada, K., Takeda, M., Maruyama, K., Ishii, R., Yamada, M., Nagae, Y., and Komine, R.: Effect of W on recovery of lath structure during creep of high chromium martensite steels. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 267, 19 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Kimura, M., Yamaguchi, K., Hayakawa, M., and Kobayashi, K.: Microstructure and grain boundary precipitates in 9-12% Cr ferritic heat-resisting steels. Tetsu to Hagane 90, 27 2004 in Japanese.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Nix, W.D. and Gao, H.: Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 46, 411 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Gao, H. and Huang, Y.: Geometrically necessary dislocation and size-dependent plasticity. Scripta Mater. 48, 113 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Johnson, K.L.: The correlation of indentation experiments. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 18, 115 (1970).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Yamada, M., Watanabe, O., Yoshioka, Y., and Miyazaki, M.: Development of advanced 12Cr steel rotor forgings. Tetsu to Hagane 76, 1084 1990 in Japanese.CrossRefGoogle Scholar