Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T16:18:13.852Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nanotubes Patterned Thin Films of Barium-strontium Titanate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2005

Xuezheng Wei ,
Alexander L. Vasiliev  and
Nitin P. Padture
Xuezheng Wei
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136
Alexander L. Vasiliev
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136
Nitin P. Padture*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: padture.1@osu.edu Present address: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1178. This author was an editor of this journal during the review and decision stage. For the JMR policy on review and publication of manuscripts authored by editors, please refer to http://www.mrs.org/publications/jmr/policy.html.
Get access

Abstract

A novel, low-temperature synthesis method for producing BaxSr(1−x)TiO3 (BST) thin films patterned in the form of nanotubes (“honeycomb”) on Ti substrates is reported. In this two-step method, the Ti substrate is first anodized to produce a surface layer (∼300 nm thickness) of amorphous titanium oxide nanotube (∼100 nm diameter) arrays. In the second step, the anodized substrate is subjected to hydrothermal treatment in aqueous Ba(OH)2 + Sr(OH)2 at 200 °C, where the nanotube arrays serve as templates for their topotactic (shape-preserving) hydrothermal conversion to polycrystalline BST nanotubes. A simple geometrical model is proposed to elucidate the mechanism of the hydrothermal growth of BST nanotubes. This opens the possibility of tailoring the titanium oxide nanotube arrays and of using various precursor solutions and their combinations in the hydrothermal bath to produce ordered, patterned thin-film structures of various Ti-containing ceramics. These could find use not only in a variety of electronic, optoelectronic, and sensor device applications but also in biomedical and catalysis applications, where patterned thin films are desirable.

Keywords

CeramicHydrothermalThin film
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 8 , August 2005 , pp. 2140 - 2147
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Lakeman, C.D.E. and Payne, D.A.: Sol-gel processing of electrical and magnetic ceramics. Mater. Chem. Phys. 38, 305 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Auciello, O. and Ramesh, R.: Electroceramic thin films. Part I: Processing. MRS Bull. 21(6), 21 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Setter, N. and Waser, R.: Electroceramic materials. Acta Mater. 48, 151 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Luo, Y., Szafraniak, I., Zakharov, N.D., Nagarajan, V., Steinhart, M., Wehrspohn, R.B., Wendorff, J.H., Ramesh, R. and Alexe, M.: Nanoshell tubes of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate. Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 440 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Morrison, R.D., Ramsay, L. and Scott, J.F.: High Aspect ratio piezoelectric strontium-bismuth-tantalate nanotubes. J. Phys.-Condens.Matter 15, L527 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Nagarajan, V., Ganpule, C.S., Stanishevsky, A., Liu, B.T. and Ramesh, R.: Nanoscale phenomena in synthetic functional oxide heterostructures. Microsc. Microanal. 8, 333 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Nagarajan, V., Roytburd, A.L., Stanishevsky, A., Prasertchoung, S., Zhou, T., Chen, L., Melngailis, J., Auciello, O. and Ramesh, R.: Dynamics of ferroelastic domains in ferroelectric thin films. Nat. Mater. 2, 43 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Moreau, W.M.: Semiconductor Lithography: Principles and Materials (Plenum, New York, 1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Ganpule, C.S., Stanishevsky, A., Su, Q., Aggarwal, S., Melngailis, J., Williams, E. and Ramesh, R.: Scaling of ferroelectric properties in thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 409 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Roytburd, A.L., Alpay, S.P., Nagarajan, V., Ganpule, C.S., Aggarwal, S., Williams, E.D. and Ramesh, R.: Measurement of internal stresses via the polarization in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 190 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Xia, Y.N. and Whitesides, G.M.: Soft lithography. Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 28, 153 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Payne, D.A. and Clem, P.G.: Monolayer-mediated patterning of integrated electroceramics. J. Electroceram. 3, 163 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Moran, P.M. and Lange, F.F.: Microscale lithography via channel stamping: Relationships between capillarity, channel filling and debonding. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1332 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Padture, N.P. and Wei, X.: Hyrothermal synthesis of thin films of barium titanate ceramic nanotubes at 200 °C. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 86, 2215 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Zwilling, V., Darque-Ceretti, E., Boutry-Forveille, A., David, D., Perrin, M.Y. and Aucouturier, M.: Structure and physicochemistry of anodic oxide films on titatnium and TA6V alloy. Surf. Interf. Anal. 27, 629 (1999).3.0.CO;2-0>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Gong, D., Grimes, C.A., Varghese, O.K., Hu, W., Singh, R.S., Chen, Z. and Dickey, E.C.: Titanium oxide nanotube arrays prepared by anodic oxidation. J. Mater. Res. 16, 3331 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Bornside, D.E., Macosko, C.W. and Scriven, L.E.: On the modeling of spin coating. J. Imag. Technol. 13, 122 (1987).Google Scholar
18Roeder, R.K. and Slamovich, E.B.: Stoichiometry control and phase selection in hydrothermally derived BaxSr(1−x)TiO3 powders. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82, 1665 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Wei, X. and Padture, N.P.: Hydrothermal synthesis of tetragonal BaxSr(1−x)TiO3 powders. J. Ceram. Proc. Res. 5, 175 (2004).Google Scholar
20Lencka, M.M. and Riman, R.E.: Hydrothermal synthesis of perovskite materials: Thermodynamic modeling and experimental verification. Ferroelectrics 151, 159 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Jona, F. and Shirane, G.: Ferroelectric Crystals (Dover Publications, New York, 1993).Google Scholar
22Bendavid, A., Martin, P.J. and Takikawa, H.: Deposition and modification of titanium dioxide thin films by filtered arc deposition. Thin Solid Films 360, 241 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Hellwege, K.H. and Hellwege, A.M.: Landolt-Bornstein New Series: Group III, Volume 16, Oxides (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981), p. 64.Google Scholar
24Masuda, H. and Fakuda, K.: Ordered metal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina. Science 268, 1466 (1995).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25Masuda, H., Yamada, H., Satoh, M. and Asoh, H.: Highly ordered nanochannel-array architecture in anodic alumina. Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 2770 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Li, A.P., Muller, F., Birner, A., Kielsch, N. and Gosele, U.: Hexagonal pore arrays with a 50–420 nm interpore distance formed by self-organization in anodic alumina. J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6023 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Li, J., Papadopoulos, C. and Xu, J.M.: Highly-ordered carbon nanotube arrays for electronics applications. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 367 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Kokubo, T., Miyaji, F., Kim, H-M. and Nakamura, T.: Spontaneous formation of bonelike apatite on chemically treated metals. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79, 1127 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar