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Nitrogen-doped carbon “spider webs” derived from pyrolysis of polyaniline nanofibers in ammonia for capacitive energy storage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2017

Yu Song Open the ORCID record for Yu Song [Opens in a new window] ,
Zengming Qin ,
Zihang Huang ,
Tianyu Liu Open the ORCID record for Tianyu Liu [Opens in a new window] ,
Yat Li  and
Xiao-Xia Liu
Yu Song*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People’s Republic of China
Zengming Qin
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People’s Republic of China
Zihang Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People’s Republic of China
Tianyu Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
Yat Li
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
Xiao-Xia Liu*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: songyua@foxmail.com
b)e-mail: xxliu@mail.neu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have attracted immense interest as advanced supercapacitor electrode materials due to their unique properties. A carbon cloth-supported, nitrogen-doped carbon “spider web” network full of macropores and mesopores is developed via the pyrolysis of polyaniline nanofibers in ammonia atmosphere. The presence of mesopores and macropores can provide ion-buffering reservoirs to shorten the ion diffusion distance to the interior part of the carbon network. Carbonization in ammonia introduced N heteroatoms through gas phase chemical reactions between ammonia and the oxygen functionalities on the carbon surface. The enhanced ion-accessible surface area and improved charge transfer rate can be achieved. The N-doped carbon “spider web” exhibited a high specific capacitance of 266 F/g at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. Even when the scan rate was increased to 500 mV/s, 61% of its capacitance could still be retained, evidencing its excellent rate performance. The demonstrated strategy is anticipated to be generally effective for preparing heteroatom-doped carbon electrodes with other polymers.

Keywords

carbonizationpolymerenergy storage
Type
Invited Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 33 , Issue 9: Focus Issue: Porous Carbon and Carbonaceous Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage , 14 May 2018 , pp. 1109 - 1119
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

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Footnotes

c)

These authors contributed equally to this work.

d)

This author was an editor of this journal during the review and decision stage. For the JMR policy on review and publication of manuscripts authored by editors, please refer to http://www.mrs.org/editor-manuscripts/.

Contributing Editor: Marcus A. Worsley

References

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