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On the origin of extraordinary cyclic strengthening of the austenitic stainless steel Sanicro 25 during fatigue at 700 °C

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2017

Milan Heczko Open the ORCID record for Milan Heczko [Opens in a new window] ,
Bryan D. Esser ,
Timothy M. Smith ,
Přemysl Beran ,
Veronika Mazánová ,
Tomáš Kruml ,
Jaroslav Polák  and
Michael J. Mills
Milan Heczko*
Affiliation:
Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA; and Institute of Physics of Materials, CAS, Brno 61662, Czech Republic
Bryan D. Esser
Affiliation:
Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA
Timothy M. Smith
Affiliation:
NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, USA
Přemysl Beran
Affiliation:
Nuclear Physics Institute, CAS, Řež near Prague 25068, Czech Republic
Veronika Mazánová
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics of Materials, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61662, Czech Republic
Tomáš Kruml
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics of Materials, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61662, Czech Republic
Jaroslav Polák
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics of Materials, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61662, Czech Republic
Michael J. Mills
Affiliation:
Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: heczko@ipm.cz
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Abstract

The origin of the extraordinary strengthening of the highly alloyed austenitic stainless steel Sanicro 25 during cyclic loading at 700 °C was investigated by the use of advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Along with substantial change of the dislocation structure, nucleation of two distinct populations of nanoparticles was revealed. Fully coherent Cu-rich nanoparticles were observed to be homogeneously dispersed with high number density along with nanometer-sized incoherent NbC carbides precipitating on dislocations during cyclic loading. Probe-corrected high-angle annular dark-field STEM imaging was used to characterize the atomic structure of nanoparticles. Compositional analysis was conducted using both electron energy loss spectroscopy and high spatial resolution energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. High-temperature exposure-induced precipitation of spatially dense coherent Cu-rich nanoparticles and strain-induced nucleation of incoherent NbC nanoparticles leads to retardation of dislocation movement. The pinning effects and associated obstacles to the dislocation motion prevent recovery and formation of the localized low-energy cellular structures. As a consequence, the alloy exhibits remarkable cyclic hardening at elevated temperatures.

Keywords

steelfatiguescanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 23: Focus Issue: Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Advanced Metallic Alloys—in Honor of Prof. Haël Mughrabi PART A , 14 December 2017 , pp. 4342 - 4353
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

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Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Lei Lu

References

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