Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:41:13.967Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Potential of electrical discharge treatment to enhance the in vitro cytocompatibility and tribological performance of Co–Cr implant

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2019

Amit Mahajan  and
Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu Open the ORCID record for Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu [Opens in a new window]
Amit Mahajan*
Affiliation:
Ph.D. Research Scholar, IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab 144603, India; and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalsa College of Engineering & Technology, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Beant College of Engineering & Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab 143521, India
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: amitmahajan291@gmail.com
Get access

Abstract

In the current research, the application and capability of electric discharge treatment (EDT) for enhancing the cytocompatibility and tribological properties of medical-grade Co–Cr alloy were investigated. The Co–Cr specimens were treated by copper tungsten (Cu–W) electrode in a deionized water tank (dielectric medium) at different spark energy levels. To examine the cytocompatibility of substrates, the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was performed to evaluate the substrate cell viability. Furthermore, the wear rate and coefficient of friction of the substrates were examined on a pin-on-disc tribometer. In vitro cytocompatibility results revealed that the % viability of the MG-63 cells on EDT sample was approximately two times improved compared with that on the untreated surface. The tribological results showed that the treated samples have better friction reducing properties and four times higher wear resistance compared with unmachined Co–Cr samples. The surface modification at 10 A current and 60 µs pulse on-time and 150 µs off-time were found as significant parameters in both assessments.

Keywords

Co–Cr alloyelectrical discharge treatmentcytocompatibilitytribologicalwear resistancecoefficient of friction
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 34 , Issue 16 , 28 August 2019 , pp. 2837 - 2847
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Katta, J., Jin, Z., Ingham, E., and Fisher, J.: Biotribology of articular cartilage—A review of the recent advances. Med. Eng. Phys. 30, 1349–1363 (2008).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Straley, K.S., Foo, C.W.P., and Heilshorn, S.C.: Biomaterial design strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injuries. J. Neurotrauma 27, 1–19 (2010).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bose, S., Banerjee, D., and Bandyopadhyay, A.: Materials for Bone Disorders, 1st ed. (Academic Press, London, U.K., 2017); pp. 1–27.Google Scholar
Thrivikraman, G., Madras, G., and Basu, B.: In vitro/in vivo assessment and mechanisms of toxicity of bioceramic materials and its wear particulates. RSC Adv. 4, 2763–12781 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hussein, M.A., Mohammed, A.S., and Al-Aqeeli, N.: Wear characteristics of metallic biomaterials: A review. Materials 8, 2749–2768 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahasrabudhe, H.: Characterization of Ti and Co based biomaterials processed via laser based additive manufacturing. Doctoral dissertation, Washington, Washington State University, 2016.Google Scholar
Eremina, G.M. and Smolin, A.Y.: Multilevel numerical model of hip joint accounting for friction in the hip resurfacing endoprosthesis. Facta Univ. Ser. Math. Eng. 17, 29–38 (2019).Google Scholar
Mantrala, K.M., Das, M., Balla, V.K., Rao, C.S., and Rao, V.K.: Laser-deposited CoCrMo alloy: Microstructure, wear, and electrochemical properties. J. Mater. Res. 29, 2021–2027 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tarzia, V., Bottio, T., Testolin, L., and Gerosa, G.: Extended (31 years) durability of Starr–Edwards prosthesis in mitral position. Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 6, 570–571 (2007).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beake, B.D. and Liskiewicz, T.W.: Comparison of nano-fretting and nano-scratch tests on biomedical materials. Tribol. Int. 63, 123–131 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niinomi, M.: Recent metallic materials for biomedical applications. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33, 477 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiba, A., Kumagai, K., Nomura, N., and Miyakawa, S.: Pin-on-disk wear behavior in a like-on-like configuration in a biological environment of high carbon cast and low carbon forged Co–29Cr–6Mo alloys. Acta Mater. 55, 1309–1318 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X. and Liang, Y.: Corrosive wear of the Co–Cr–W alloy in liquid zinc. J. Mater. Res. 16, 1585–1592 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bose, S., Ke, D., Sahasrabudhe, H., and Bandyopadhyay, A.: Additive manufacturing of biomaterials. Prog. Mater. Sci. 93, 45–111 (2018).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cetiner, D., Paksoy, A.H., Tazegul, O., Baydogan, M., Guleryuz, H., Cimenoglu, H., and Atar, E.: A novel fabrication method for a TiO2 layer over CoCr alloy. Surf. Eng. 35, 234–241 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahasrabudhe, H., Bose, S., and Bandyopadhyay, A.: Laser processed calcium phosphate reinforced CoCrMo for load-bearing applications: Processing and wear induced damage evaluation. Acta Biomater. 66, 118–128 (2018).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahajan, A. and Sidhu, S.S.: Surface modification of metallic biomaterials for enhanced functionality: A review. Mater. Technol. 33, 93–105 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahajan, A. and Sidhu, S.S.: In vitro corrosion and hemocompatibility evaluation of electrical discharge treated cobalt–chromium implant. J. Mater. Res., 1363–1370 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhui, A.S., Singh, G., Sidhu, S.S., and Bains, P.S.: Experimental investigation of optimal ED machining parameters for Ti–6Al–4V biomaterial. Facta Univ. Ser. Math. Eng. 16, 337–345 (2018).Google Scholar
Li, L., Zhao, L., Li, Z.Y., Feng, L., and Bai, X.: Surface characteristics of Ti–6Al–4V by SiC abrasive-mixed EDM with magnetic stirring. Mater. Manuf. Process. 32, 83–86 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pautke, C., Schieker, M., Tischer, T., Kolk, A., Neth, P., Mutschler, W., and Milz, S.: Characterization of osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, Saos-2 and U-2 OS in comparison to human osteoblasts. Anticancer Res. 24, 3743–3748 (2004).Google ScholarPubMed
Ikeuchi, K., Morita, Y., Yoshida, H., and Kusaka, J.: Effect of tribochemical reaction on wear of silicon carbide for joint prostheses. J. Ceram. Process. Res. 2, 35–37 (2001).Google Scholar
Hesketh, J., Ward, M., Dowson, D., and Neville, A.: The composition of tribofilms produced on metal-on-metal hip bearings. Biomaterials 35, 2113–2119 (2014).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahajan, A. and Sidhu, S.S.: Enhancing biocompatibility of Co–Cr alloy implants via electrical discharge process. Mater. Technol. 33, 524–531 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenko, M., Gorensek, M., Godec, M., Hodnik, M., Batic, B.S., Donik, C., and Dolinar, D.: Surface chemistry and microstructure of metallic biomaterials for hip and knee endoprostheses. Appl. Surf. Sci. 427, 584–593 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Im, B.M., Akiyama, E., Habazaki, H., Kawashima, A., Asami, K., and Hashimoto, K.: The effect of phosphorus addition on the corrosion behavior of amorphous Fe–8Cr–P alloys in 9M H2SO4. Corros. Sci. 37, 709–722 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, P., Zhou, C.Z., and Tang, X.N.: Microstructural characterization and wear behavior of laser cladded nickel-based and tungsten carbide composite coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 166, 84–88 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weng, Z., Wang, A., Wu, X., Wang, Y., and Yang, Z.: Wear resistance of diode laser-clad Ni/WC composite coatings at different temperatures. Surf. Coat. Technol. 304, 283–292 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qin, L., Feng, X., Hafezi, M., Zhang, Y., Guo, J., Dong, G., and Qin, Y.: Investigating the tribological and biological performance of covalently grafted chitosan coatings on Co–Cr–Mo alloy. Tribol. Int. 127, 302–312 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, H.R., Kim, Y.K., Son, J.S., Min, B.K., Kim, K.H., and Kwon, T.Y.: Comparison of in vitro biocompatibility of a Co–Cr dental alloy produced by new milling/post-sintering or traditional casting technique. Mater. Lett. 178, 300–303 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bandyopadhyay, A., Shivaram, A., Isik, M., Avila, J.D., Dernell, W.S., and Bose, S.: Additively manufactured calcium phosphate reinforced Co–Cr–Mo alloy: Bio-tribological and biocompatibility evaluation for load-bearing implants. Addit. Manuf. 28, 312–324 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvarez-Vera, M., Juarez-Hernandez, A., Gonzalez-Rivera, C.E., Mercado-Solis, R.D., and Hernandez-Rodriguez, M.A.L.: Biotribological response of Co–Cr alloy with added boron under ball-on-disc tests. Wear 301, 243–249 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortega-Saenz, J.A., Hernandez-Rodriguez, M.A.L., Ventura-Sobrevilla, V., Michalczewski, R., Smolik, J., and Szczerek, M.: Tribological and corrosion testing of surface engineered surgical grade CoCrMo alloy. Wear 271, 2125–2131 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dittrick, S., Balla, V.K., Davies, N.M., Bose, S., and Bandyopadhyay, A.: In vitro wear rate and Co ion release of compositionally and structurally graded CoCrMo–Ti6Al4V structures. Mater. Sci. Eng., C 31, 809–814 (2011).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Srivastava, V., Negi, A.S., Kumar, J.K., Gupta, M.M., and Khanuja, S.P.: Plant-based anticancer molecules: A chemical and biological profile of some important leads. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 13, 5892–5908 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horwitz, S.B., Chang, C.K., and Grollman, A.P.: Studies on camptothecin: I. Effects on nucleic acid and protein synthesis. Mol. Pharmacol. 7, 632–644 (1971).Google ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: Image

Mahajan and Sidhu supplementary material

Mahajan and Sidhu supplementary material
Download Mahajan and Sidhu supplementary material(Image)
Image 41.9 KB