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Repairing human tooth enamel with leucine-rich amelogenin peptide–chitosan hydrogel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 February 2016

Kaushik Mukherjee ,
Qichao Ruan ,
David Liberman ,
Shane N. White  and
Janet Moradian-Oldak
Kaushik Mukherjee
Affiliation:
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
Qichao Ruan
Affiliation:
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
David Liberman
Affiliation:
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
Shane N. White
Affiliation:
Section of Endodontics, Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Janet Moradian-Oldak*
Affiliation:
Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: joldak@usc.edu
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Abstract

We have recently reported the repair of carious enamel using a full-length amelogenin–chitosan hydrogel through guided stabilization and growth of mineral clusters. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the enamel repair potential of smaller amelogenin peptides like LRAP (leucine-rich amelogenin peptide) and compare their efficiency with their full-length counterpart. The demineralized tooth slices treated with a single application of LRAP–chitosan hydrogel for 3 days showed a dense mineralized layer consisting of highly organized enamel-like apatite crystals. Focus-ion beam technique showed a seamless growth at the interface between the repaired layer and native enamel. There was a marked improvement in the surface hardness after treatment of the demineralized sample with almost 87% recovery of the hardness value to that of sound enamel sections. This current approach can inspire the design of smaller peptide analogues based on naturally occurring amelogenin as a competent, low-cost, and safe strategy for enamel biomimetics to curb the high prevalence of incipient dental caries.

Keywords

biomaterialbiomimetic (chemical reaction)transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Type
Biomineralization and Biomimetics Reviews
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 5 , 14 March 2016 , pp. 556 - 563
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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