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Silk apatite composites from electrospun fibers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2005

Chunmei Li ,
Hyoung-Joon Jin ,
Gregory D. Botsaris  and
David L. Kaplan
Chunmei Li
Affiliation:
Tufts University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Bioengineering Center, Medford, Massachusetts 02155
Hyoung-Joon Jin
Affiliation:
Tufts University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Bioengineering Center, Medford, Massachusetts 02155; and Inha University, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Incheon 402-751, South Korea
Gregory D. Botsaris
Affiliation:
Tufts University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Bioengineering Center, Medford, Massachusetts 02155
David L. Kaplan*
Affiliation:
Tufts University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Bioengineering Center, Medford, Massachusetts 02155
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author.e-mail: david.kaplan@tufts.edu
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Abstract

Human bone is a three-dimensional composite structure consisting of inorganic apatite crystals and organic collagen fibers. An attractive strategy for fabricating mimics of these types of composite biomaterials is to selectively grow apatite on polymers with control of structure, mechanical properties, and function. In the present study, silk/apatite composites were prepared by growing apatite on functionalized nanodiameter silk fibroin fibers prepared by electrospinning. The functionalized fibers were spun from an aqueous solution of silk/polyethylene oxide (PEO) (78/22 wt/wt) containing poly(L-aspartate) (poly-Asp), which was introduced as an analogue of noncollageous proteins normally found in bone. Silk fibroin associated with the acidic poly-Asp and acted as template for mineralization. Apatite mineral growth occurred preferentially along the longitudinal direction of the fibers, a feature that was not present in the absence of the combination of components at appropriate concentrations. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction confirmed that the mineral deposits were apatite. The results suggest that this approach can be used to form structures with potential utility for bone-related biomaterials based on the ability to control the interface wherein nucleation and crystal growth occur on the silk fibroin. With this level of inorganic–organic control, coupled with the unique mechanical properties, slow rates of biodegradation, and polymorphic features of this type of proteins, new opportunities emerge for utility of biomaterials.

Keywords

BiomimeticCompositeNanofiber
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 12 , December 2005 , pp. 3374 - 3384
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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