Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T14:27:31.241Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Solvent and plasma gas influence on the synthesis of Y2O3 nanoparticles by suspension plasma spraying

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

X.L. Sun ,
A.I.Y. Tok ,
F.Y.C. Boey ,
C.L Gan  and
M.K. Schreyer
X.L. Sun
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
A.I.Y. Tok*
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
F.Y.C. Boey
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
C.L Gan
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
M.K. Schreyer
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: miytok@ntu.edu.sg
Get access

Abstract

Suspension plasma spraying was used to synthesize Y2O3 nanoparticles. The Y2O3 starting material was first dispersed in a solvent to form a suspension and then injected axially into the plume of an inductive radio frequency plasma. It was found that the as-sprayed Y2O3 particles had a size distribution from nano to micron scale and various morphological features, which varied with processing conditions as well as solvent and plasma gas type. In comparison with water, organic solvents led to a higher productivity and smaller particle size, whereas water introduced impurities such as Y2O2C2, which is isotypic to La2O2C2. Introduction of oxygen as an auxiliary plasma gas was an effective way to eliminate this impurity. In addition, complete combustion of the organic solvent and recombination of oxygen atoms above 4000 K also elevated the heat treatment degree of Y2O3. As a result, application of O2 with an organic solvent resulted in an even smaller mean particle size and narrower size distribution.

Keywords

CeramicNanostructurePowder processing
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 22 , Issue 5 , May 2007 , pp. 1306 - 1313
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Ronda, C.R., Jüstel, T., and Nikol, H.: Rare earth phosphors: Fundamentals and applications. J. Alloys Compd. 275–277, 669 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Forlani, O. and Rossini, S.: Rare earths as catalysts for the oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene. Mater. Chem. Phys. 31, 155 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Tok, A.I.Y., Luo, L.H., Boey, F.Y.C., and Ng, S.H.: Consolidation and properties of Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 nano-particles for SOFC electrolytes. J. Mater. Res. 21, 119 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Kishi, H., Mizuno, Y., and Chazono, H.: Base-metal electrode-multilayer ceramic capacitors: Past, present and future perspectives. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 1 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Koch, C.C.: Nanostructured Materials—Processing, Properties and Potential Applications (William Andrew Publishing / Noyes, New York, 2002), p. 3.Google Scholar
6Miao, Y.M., Zhang, Q.L., Yang, H., and Wang, H.P.: Low-temperature synthesis of nano-crystalline magnesium titanate materials by the sol-gel method. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 128, 103 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Wang, F., Fan, X.P., Pi, D.B., and Wang, M.Q.: Hydrothermal synthesis of Nd3+-doped orthoborate nanoparticles that emit in the near-infrared. J. Solid State Chem. 177, 3346 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Zhang, R.B. and Gao, L.: Preparation of nanosized titania by hydrolysis of alkoxide titanium in micelles. Mater. Res. Bull. 37, 1659 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Gaertner, G.F. and Miquel, P.F.: Particle generation by laser ablation from solid targets in gas flows. Nanostruct. Mater. 4, 559 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Jossen, R., Mueller, R., Pratsinis, S.E., Watson, M., and Akhtar, M.K.: Morphology and composition of spray-flame-made yttria-stabilized zirconia nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 16, 609 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Kumar, R., Cheang, P., and Khor, K.A.: Radio frequency (RF) suspension plasma sprayed ultra-fine hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconia composite powders. Biomaterials 24, 2611 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Ishigaki, T., Oh, S.M., Li, J.G., and Park, D.W.: Controlling the synthesis of TaC nanopowders by injecting liquid precursor into RF induction plasma. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 6, 111 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Sugasawa, M., Kikukawa, N., Ishikawa, N., Kayano, N., and Kimura, T.: Synthesis of Y–Fe–O ultrafine particles using inductively coupled plasma. J. Aerosol Sci. 29, (5/6), 675 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Gitzhofer, F., Bouyer, E., and Boulos, M.I.: Suspension plasma spray. U.S. Patent No. 5 609 921 (3 November 1997).Google Scholar
15Bouyer, E., Gitzhofer, F., and Boulos, M.I.: Suspension plasma spraying for hydroxyapatite powder preparation by RF plasma. IEEE T. Plasma Sci. 25, 1066 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Vardelle, M., Vardelle, A., Fauchais, P., Li, K.I., Dussoubs, B., and Themelis, N.J.: Controlling particle injection behavior relationship in plasma spraying. J. Therm. Spray Tech. 10, 267 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17 National Institute of Standards & Technology, Standard Reference Material 660a, Certificate Issue Date: 13 September 2000.Google Scholar
18Cheary, R.W. and Coelho, A.A.: A fundamental parameter approach to x-ray line profile fitting. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 25, 109 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Ye, R., Proulx, P., and Boulos, M.I.: Turbulence phenomena in the radio frequency induction plasma torch. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 42, 1585 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20 PDF-2 Database, International Center of Diffraction Data, Release 1998.Google Scholar
21Butherus, A.D. and Eick, H.A.: Preparation, characterization and some thermodynamic properties of lanthanum oxide carbide, La2O2C2. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 35, 1925 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Seiver, R.L. and Eick, H.A.: The crystal structure of dilanthanum dioxide dicarbide, La2O2C2. J. Less-Comm. Mater. 44, 1 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Sun, X.L., Tok, A.I.F., Huebner, R., and Boey, F.Y.C.: Phase transformation of ultrafine rare earth oxide powders synthesized by radio frequency plasma spraying. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 125 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Swihart, M.T.: Vapor-phase synthesis of nanoparticles. Curr. Opin. Colloid In. 8, 127 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Murphy, A.B. and Arundell, C.J.: Transport coefficients of argon, nitrogen, oxygen, argon-nitrogen, and argon-oxygen plasmas. Plasma Chem. Plasma. 451, 14 (1994).Google Scholar
26Baldinozzi, G., Berar, J.F., and Calvarin, G.: Rietveld refinement of two-phase Zr-doped Y2O3. Mater. Sci. Forum 278, 680 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Fauchais, P.: Understanding plasma spraying. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37, 86 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar