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Spatial localization of Mms6 during biomineralization of Fe3O4 nanocrystals in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2016

Zachery Oestreicher ,
Eric Mumper ,
Carol Gassman ,
Dennis A. Bazylinski ,
Steven K. Lower  and
Brian H. Lower
Zachery Oestreicher
Affiliation:
School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; and School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Eric Mumper
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Carol Gassman
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Columbia Basin College, Pasco, Washington 99301, USA
Dennis A. Bazylinski
Affiliation:
School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
Steven K. Lower*
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; and School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Brian H. Lower*
Affiliation:
School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: Lower.30@osu.edu
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Abstract

Magnetotactic bacteria mineralize nanometer-size crystals of magnetite (Fe3O4) through a series of protein-mediated reactions that occur inside of organelles called magnetosomes. Mms6 is a transmembrane protein thought to play a key role in magnetite mineralization. We used both electron and fluorescent microscopy to examine the subcellular location of Mms6 protein within single cells of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 using Mms6-specific antibodies. We also purified magnetosomes from M. magneticum to determine if Mms6 was physically attached to magnetite crystals. Our results show that Mms6 proteins are present during crystal growth, and Mms6 is found in direct contact with the magnetite crystals or within the lipid/protein membrane surrounding the magnetite crystals. Mms6 was not detected at other subcellular locations within the bacteria or isolated fractions. Because Mms6 was found to completely surround the magnetosomes rather than being localized to one specific area of the magnetosome, it appears that this protein could act on the entire magnetite crystal during the biomineralization process. This supports a model in which Mms6 functions to regulate Fe3O4 crystal morphology. This knowledge is important for future in vitro experiments utilizing Mms6 to synthesize tailored nanomagnets with specific physical or magnetic properties.

Keywords

biomaterialnanoscalemagnetic
Type
Biomineralization and Biomimetics Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 5 , 14 March 2016 , pp. 527 - 535
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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