Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T22:19:50.093Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Study on microstructural evolution and constitutive modeling for hot deformation behavior of a low-carbon RAFM steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2017

Jianguo Chen ,
Yongchang Liu ,
Chenxi Liu ,
Xiaosheng Zhou  and
Huijun Li
Jianguo Chen
Affiliation:
State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
Yongchang Liu
Affiliation:
State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
Chenxi Liu*
Affiliation:
State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
Xiaosheng Zhou
Affiliation:
State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
Huijun Li
Affiliation:
State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: cxliutju@163.com
Get access

Abstract

The constitutive equation was established based on the consideration of strain compensation to describe the hot deformation behavior of low carbon reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels at the temperatures of 850–1050 °C and the strain rates of 0.01–10 s−1. The result indicates that the flow stress is increased with the increase of strain rate but decreased with increase of deformation temperature. During the hot deformation process, the increase of temperature is beneficial to attain the complete dynamic recrystallization (DRX). However, excessively high temperature leads to grow up of dynamic recrystallized grain. Higher strain rate leads to finer recrystallized grains. The material constants (α, n, A) and deformation activation energy (Q) are calculated by the regression analysis. The increase of strain caused the decrease of Q, indicating the DRX occurred more easily. In addition, the developed constitutive equation could accurately predict the hot deformation behavior of the low carbon RAFM steel.

Keywords

low carbon RAFM steelhot compression testsdynamic recrystallizationconstitutive equation
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 7 , 14 April 2017 , pp. 1376 - 1385
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Knaster, J., Moeslang, A., and Muroga, T.: Materials research for fusion. Nat. Phys. 12, 426–434 (2016).Google Scholar
Zinkle, S.J., Moeslang, A., Muroga, T., and Tanigawa, H.: Multimodal options for materials research to advance the basis for fusion energy in the ITER era. Nucl. Fusion 53, 1–13 (2013).Google Scholar
Ehrlich, K., Cierjacks, W., Kelzenberg, S., and Moeslang, A.: The development of structural materials for reduced long-term activation. In 17th International Symposium on Effects of Radiation on Materials, Vol. 1270, Gelles, D., Nanstad, R. and Kumar, A., eds. (ASTM STP, West Conshocken, 1996); pp. 1109–1122.Google Scholar
Gilbert, M.R. and Forrest, R.A.: Comprehensive handbook of activation data calculated using EASY-2003. Fusion Eng. Des. 81, 1511–1516 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehrlich, K.: Materials research towards a fusion reactor. Fusion Eng. Des. 56, 71–82 (2001).Google Scholar
Klueh, R.L., Alexander, D.J., and Rieth, M.: The effect of tantalum on the mechanical properties of a 9Cr–2W–0.25V–0.07Ta–0.1C steel. J. Nucl. Mater. 273, 146–154 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, Q., Baluc, N., Dai, Y., Jitsukawa, S., Kimura, A., Konys, J., Kurtz, R.J., Lindau, R., Muroga, T., Odette, G.R., Raj, B., Stoller, R.E., Tan, L., Tanigawa, H., Tavassoli, A-A.F., Yamamoto, T., Wan, F., and Wu, Y.: Recent progress of R&D activities on reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels. J. Nucl. Mater. 442, S2–S8 (2013).Google Scholar
Taneike, M., Sawada, K., and Abe, F.: Effect carbon concentration on precipitation behavior of M23C6 carbides and MX carbonitrides in martensitic 9Cr steel during heat treatment. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 35, 1255–1262 (2004).Google Scholar
Taneike, M., Abe, F., and Sawada, K.: Creep-strengthening of steel at high temperature using nano-sized carbonitrides dispersions. Nature 424, 294–296 (2003).Google Scholar
Taylor, A.S. and Hodgson, P.D.: Dynamic behaviour of 304 stainless steel during high Z deformation. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 528, 3310–3320 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akbari, Z., Mirzadeh, H., and Cabrera, J.M.: A simple constitutive model for predicting flow stress of medium carbon microalloyed steel during hot deformation. Mater. Des. 77, 126–131 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Badjena, S.K.: Dynamic recrystallization behavior of vanadium micro-alloyed forging medium carbon steel. ISIJ Int. 54, 650–656 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Shen, W., Liu, C., Xia, Y., and Li, R.: Study on constitutive modeling and processing maps for hot deformation of medium carbon Cr–Ni–Mo alloyed steel. Mater. Des. 90, 804–814 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Y., Liu, Y., Zhou, X., Liu, C., Yu, L., and Li, C.: Processing maps and microstructural evolution of the type 347H austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel. J. Mater. Res. 30, 2090–2100 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, W.T., Guo, X.Z., Huang, B., Tao, J., Li, H.G., and Pei, W.J.: The flow behaviors of CLAM steel at high temperature. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 599, 134–140 (2014).Google Scholar
Zhang, Z.B., Mishin, O.V., Tao, N.R., and Pantleon, W.: Microstructure and annealing behavior of a modified 9Cr–1Mo steel after dynamic plastic deformation to different strains. J. Nucl. Mater. 458, 64–69 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Mishin, O.V., Tao, N., Pantleon, W., and Jensen, D.J.: Microstructural analysis of orientation-dependent recovery and recrystallization in a modified 9Cr–1Mo steel deformed by compression at high strain rate. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 47, 4682–4693 (2016).Google Scholar
de Carlan, Y., Alamo, A., Mathon, M.H., Geoffroy, G., and Castaing, A.: Effect of thermal aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7-11CrW steels. J. Nucl. Mater. 283, 672–676 (2000).Google Scholar
Xia, Z.X., Zhang, C., Fan, N.Q., Zhao, Y.F., Xue, F., and Liu, S.J.: Improve creep properties of reduced activation steels by controlling precipitation behaviors. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 545, 91–96 (2012).Google Scholar
Liu, W.B., Zhang, C., Xia, Z.X., and Yang, Z.G.: Improving high temperature creep resistance of reduced activation steels by addition of nitrogen and intermediate heat treatment. J. Nucl. Mater. 455, 402–406 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, S., Robi, P.S., Srinivasan, A., and Kumar, L.P.: High temperature deformation behavior of Al–Cu–Mg alloys micro-alloyed with Sn. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527, 2498–2503 (2010).Google Scholar
Rokni, M.R., Zarie-Hanzaki, A., Roostaei, A.A., and Abolhasani, A.: Constitutive base analysis of a 7075 aluminum alloy during hot compression testing. Mater. Des. 32, 4955–4960 (2011).Google Scholar
Mirzadeh, H., Cabrera, J.M., Prado, J.M., and Najafizadeh, A.: Hot deformation behavior of a medium carbon microalloyed steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 528, 3876–3882 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Xia, Y.C., Chen, X.M., and Chen, M.S.: Constitutive descriptions for hot compressed 2124-T851 aluminum alloy over a wide range of temperature and strain rate. Comput. Mater. Sci. 50, 227–233 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H.Y., Wei, D.D., Hu, J.D., Li, Y.H., and Chen, S.L.: Constitutive modeling for hot deformation behavior of T24 ferritic steel. Comput. Mater. Sci. 53, 425–430 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Chen, M.S., and Zhong, J.: Prediction of 42CrMo steel flow stress at high temperature and strain rate. Mech. Res. Commun. 35, 142–150 (2008).Google Scholar
Wu, Q-s., Zheng, S-h., Huang, Q-y., Liu, S-j., and Han, Y-y.: Continuous cooling transformation behaviors of CLAM steel. J. Nucl. Mater. 442, S67–S70 (2013).Google Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Chen, M.S., and Zhong, J.: Microstructure evolution in 42CrMo steel during compression at elevated temperatures. Mater. Lett. 62, 2132–2135 (2008).Google Scholar
Sellars, C.M. and McTegart, W.J.: On the mechanism of hot deformation. Acta Metall. 14, 1136–1138 (1966).Google Scholar
Srinivasulu, S. and Jain, A.: A comparative analysis of training methods for artificial neural network rainfall-runoff modes. Appl. Soft. Comput. 6, 295–306 (2006).Google Scholar