Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T06:28:21.918Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Thermal analysis and optical transition of Yb3+, Er3+ co-doped lead–germanium–tellurite glasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Zhongmin Yang ,
Shiqing Xu ,
Jianhu Yang ,
Lili Hu  and
Zhonghong Jiang
Zhongmin Yang*
Affiliation:
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, People’s Republic of China
Shiqing Xu
Affiliation:
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, People’s Republic of China
Jianhu Yang
Affiliation:
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, People’s Republic of China
Lili Hu
Affiliation:
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, People’s Republic of China
Zhonghong Jiang
Affiliation:
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, People’s Republic of China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: wuhanyangzm@yahoo.com
Get access

Abstract

In this article, we present a study of a new glass system: lead–germanium–tellurite glasses in the form of 0.05K2O–0.1ZnO–0.1BaO–0.2PbO–xGeO2–(0.55 - x)TeO2 with x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.55. Differential temperature analysis of this glass system shows that increasing GeO2 content raises the glass transition temperature (Tg) and suppresses the crystallization tendency in a large temperature range from Tg to the glass melting temperature. The maximum vibrational frequency is intermediate between germanate and fluoride glasses, in the range of 750 cm−1 to 820 cm−1. Subsequently, Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion fluorescence were measured for Yb3+, Er3+ co-doped lead–tellurium–germanate glasses. It was found that the full width at half-maximum of the fluorescence spectrum at 1534 nm decreases and the measured radiative lifetime increases with the replacement of TeO2 by GeO2. Excitation at 976 nm into the glass system leads to an intense green emission and a relatively weak red emission. With the addition of GeO2, the increase of red fluorescence and the decrease of green emission in intensity are due to the increase of nonradiative transition rates between the 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 states of Er3+ ions. The quadratic dependence of the green and red emissions on excitation power indicates that two-photon absorption process occurs in this glass system excited at 976 nm.

Keywords

GlassOptical spectroscopy
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 19 , Issue 6 , June 2004 , pp. 1630 - 1637
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Wachtler, M., Speghini, A., Pigorini, S., Rolli, R. and Bettinelli, M.: Phonon sidebands and vibrational properties of Eu3+ doped lead germanate glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 217, 111 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Tanabe, S., Yoshii, S., Hirao, K. and Soga, N.: Upconversion properties, multiphonon relaxation, and local environment of rare-earth ions in fluorophosphates glasses. Phys. Rev. B. 45, 4620 (1992).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Cho, D.H., Choi, Y.G. and Kim, K.H.: Energy transfer from Tm3+: 3F4 to Dy3+: 6H11/2 in oxyfluoride tellurite glasses. Chem. Phys. Lett. 322, 263 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Sidebottom, D.L., Hruschka, M.A., Pottter, B.G. and Brow, R.K.: Structure and optical properties of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Verweij, H.: The structure of lithium, sodium and potassium germinate glasses, studied by Raman scattering. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 33, 41 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Pan, Z. and Morgan, S.H.: Raman spectra and thermal analysis of a new lead-tellurite-germanate glass system. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 210, 130 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Pan, Z., Morgan, S.H., Loper, A., King, V., Long, B.H. and Collins, W.E.: Infrared to visible upconversion in Er3+-doped-lead-germanate glass: Effect of Er3+ ion concentration. J. Appl. Phys. 77, 4688 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Miller, A.E., Nassau, K., Lyons, K.B. and Lines, M.E.: The intensity of Raman scattering in glasses containing heavy metal oxides. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 99, 289 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Devi, A.R. and Jayasankar, C.K.: Optical properties of Er3+ ions in lithium borate glasses and comparative energy level analyses of Er3+ ions in various glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 197, 111 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Oh, K., Kilian, A. and Morse, T.F.: Analysis of spectroscopic properties of erbium doped Ta2O5–Al2O3–SiO2 optical fiber. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 259, 10 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Pan, Z., Morgan, S.H., Dyer, K., Ueda, A. and Liu, H.: Host-dependent optical transitions of Er3+ ions lead-germanate and lead-tellurite-germanate glasses. J. Appl. Phys. 79, 8906 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Lin, H., Pun, E.Y.B., Man, S.Q. and Liu, X.R.: Optical transitions and frequency upconversion of Er3+ ions in Na2O⋅Ca3Al2Ge3O12 glasses. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 18, 602 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Zou, X. and Toratani, H.: Evaluation spectroscopic properties of Yb3+ doped glasses. Phys. Rev. B. 52, 15889 (1995).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Weber, M.J., Lynch, J.E., Blackburn, D.H. and Cronin, D.J.: Dependence of the stimulated emission cross section of Yb3+ on host glass composition. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-19, 1600 (1983).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Weber, M.J.: Spontaneous emission probabilities and quantum efficiencies for excited states of Pr3+ in LaF2. J. Chem. Phys. 10, 4774 (1968).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Jacobs, R.R. and Weber, M.J.: Dependence of the 4F3/24 to I11/2 induced-emission cross section for Nd3+ on glass composition. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-12, 102 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Weber, M.J.: Probabilities for radiative and nonradiative decay of Er3+ in LaF2. Phys. Rev. 157, 262 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Sardar, D.K., Gruber, J.B., Zandi, B., Hutchinson, J.A. and Trussell, C.W.: Judd–Ofelt analysis of the Er3+ (4f 11) absorption intensities in phosphate glass: Er3+, Yb3+. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 2041 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Heo, J., Shin, Y.B., and Jang., J.N.Spectroscopic analysis of Tm3+ in PbO-Bi2O3-Ga2O3 glass. Appl. Opt. 344, 284 (1995).Google Scholar
20Tanabe, S., Ohyagi, T., Soga, N. and Hanada, T.: Composition dependence of Judd-Ofelt parameters of Er3+ ions in alkali-metal borate glasses. Phys. Rev. B 46, 3305 (1992).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Jha, A., Shen, S. and Naftaly, M.: Structure origin of spectral broadening of 1.5 μm emission in Er3+ doped tellurite glasses. Phys. Rev. B 62, 6215 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Tanabe, S.: Optical transitions of rare earth ions for amplifiers: How the local structure works in glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 259, 1 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23McCumber, D.E.: Theory of Phonon-terminated optical masers. Phys. Rev. A 134 A299 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Wang, J.S., Vogel, E.M. and Snitzer, E.: Tellurite glass: A new candidate for optical devices. Opt. Mater. 3 187–203 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Zhang, X., Pita, K., Buddhudu, S., Daran, E., Lam, Y.L. and Liu, X.R.: Optical properties and upconversion florescence in Er3+-doped ZZA glass. Opt. Mater. 20, 21 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Lin, H., Meredith, G., Jiang, S., Peng, X., Luo, T., Peyghambarian, N. and Pun, E.Y.: Optical transitions and visible upconversion in Er3+ doped niobic tellurite glass. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 186 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Tanabe, S.: Spectroscopic studies on multiphoton processes in erbium doped fluoride and oxide glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 256–257, 282 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Weber, M.J.: Selective excitation and decay of Er3+ fluorescence in LaF3. Phys. Rev. 156, 231 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Yeh, D.C., Sibley, W.A., Suscavage, M. and Drexhage, M.G.: Multiphonon relaxation and infrared-to-visible conversion of Er3+ ions in barium-thorium fluoride glass. J. Appl. Phys. 62, 266 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Yeh, D.C., Sibley, W.A., Schneider, I., Afzal, R.S. and Aggarwal, I.: Intensity-dependent upconversion efficiencies of Er3+ ions in heavy-metal fluoride glass. J. Appl. Phys. 69, 1648 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31Goutaland, F., Ouerdane, Y., Boukenter, A. and Monnom, G.: Visible emission processes in heavily doped Er/Yb silica optical fibers. J. Alloy Compd. 275–277, 276 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32Maurice, E., Monnom, G., Dussardier, B. and Ostrowsky, D.B.: Clustering effects on double energy transfer in heavily ytterbium-erbium-codoped silica fibers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 13, 693 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33Vermelho, M.V.D., Gouveia-Neto, A.S., Amorim, H.T., Cassanjes, F.C., Ribeiro, S.J.L. and Messaddeq, Y.: Temperature investigation of infrared-to-visible frequency upconversion in erbium-doped tellurite glasses excited at 1540 nm. J. Lumin. 102–103, 755 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar