Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T08:01:00.539Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pulsatile Flow Patterns and Wall Shear Stresses in Arch of a Turn-Around Tube With/Without Stenosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2011

R. F. Huang ,
C.-Y. Ho  and
J.-K. Chen
R. F. Huang*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C.
C.-Y. Ho
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C.
J.-K. Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C.
*
* Professor, corresponding author
Get access

Abstract

The temporal/spatial evolution processes of the flow pattern, velocity distribution, and wall shear stress of pulsatile water flows in the arch of 180o turn-around tubes with/without stenosis were experimentally studied by using the particle image velocimetry (PIV). Three transparent tubes made of glass were used: A tube without stenosis in the arch, a tube with a 25% stenosis at the inner wall of arch, and a tube with a 50% stenosis at the inner wall of arch. Here the percentage of stensis denoted the ratio between the stenosis height to inner diameter of arch in the diametral cross section across mid-arch of the central plane. The flow was provided by a pump which approximately simulated the pulsatile pressure waves of human heart beats. The systole to diastole time period ratio is set at 35%:65%. The Womersley parameter, Dean number, and time-averaged Reynolds number were 14, 2348, and 3500, respectively. In the arch of the turn-around tube without stenosis, no boundary layer separation was found during the systolic phase. The reverse flow and recirculation bubble appeared in the arch only during the diastolic phase. The inner wall of the arch experienced lower wall shear stress during the diastolic phase due to the formation of recirculation bubble and secondary flow. In the arch with stenosis, the boundary layer separated from the inner wall and formed a recirculation bubble downstream the stenosis during the systolic phase. Lower stenosis (25%) did not cause drastic variation of the wall shear stresses. At higher stenosis (50%), however, the wall shear stress around the inner wall downstream the stenosis became extraordinarily low, whereas the wall shear stress around the upstream region of the outer wall of the downstream branch of the tube became anomalously large.

Keywords

Flow in turn-around tubePulsatile flowPIV measurement
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Mechanics , Volume 27 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 79 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, R.O.C. 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Tada, S., Oshima, S. and Yamane, R., “Classification of Pulsating Flow Patterns in Curved Pipes,” Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 118, pp. 311–317 (1960).Google Scholar
2.Lyne, W., “Unsteady Viscous Flow in a Curved Pipe,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 45, pp. 13–31 (1970).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Zalosh, R. G. and Nelson, W. G., “Pulsating Flow in a Curved Tube,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 59, pp. 693–705 (1973).Google Scholar
4.Smith, F. T., “Pulsatile Flow in Curved Pipes,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 71, pp. 15–42 (1975).Google Scholar
5.Hamakiotes, C. C. and Berger, S. A., “Fully Developed Pulsatile Flow in a Curved Pipe,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 195, pp. 23–55 (1988).Google Scholar
6.Hamakiotes, C. C. and Berger, S. A., “Periodic Flows through Curved Tubes: The Effect of the Frequency Parameters,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 210, pp. 353–370 (1990).Google Scholar
7.Komai, Y. and Tanishita, K., “Fully Developed Intermittent Flow in a Curved Tube,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 347, pp. 263–287 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Chandran, K. B., Yearwood, T. L. and Wieting, D. W., “An Experimental Study of Pulsatile Flow in a Curved Tube,” Journal of Biomechanics, 12, 793–805 (1979).Google Scholar
9.Yearwood, T. L. and Chandran, K. B., “Experimental Investigation of Steady Flow through a Model of the Human Aortic Arch,” Journal of Biomechanics, 13, pp. 1975–1088 (1980).Google Scholar
10.Chandran, K. B. and Yearwood, T. L., “Experimental Study of Physiological Pulsatile Flow in a Curved Tube,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 111, pp. 59–85 (1981).Google Scholar
11.Narase, T. and Tanishita, K., “Large Curvature Effect on Pulsatile Entrance Flow in a Curved Tube: Model Experiment Simulating Blood Flow in an Aortic Arch,” Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 118, pp. 180–186 (1996).Google Scholar
12.Munson, B. R., “Experimental Results for Oscillating Flow in a Curved Pipe,” Physics of Fluids, 18, pp. 1607–1609 (1975).Google Scholar
13.Yao, H., Ang, K. C., Yeo, J. H. and Sim, E. K. W., “Computational Modeling of Blood Flow through Curved Stenosed Arteries,” Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology, 24, pp. 163–168gineering and Technology, 24, pp. 163–168 (2000).Google Scholar
14.Liu, B., “The Influences of Stenosis on the Downstream Flow Pattern in Curved Arteries,” Medical Engineering and Physics, 29, pp. 868–876 (2007).Google Scholar
15.Kean, R. D. and Adrian, R. J., “Theory of Cross-Correlation Analysis of PIV Images,” Applied Scientific Research, 49, pp. 191–215 (1992).Google Scholar
16.Abernethy, R. B., Benedict, R. P. and Doedell, R. B., “ASME Measurement Uncertainty,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, 107, pp. 161–164 (1985).Google Scholar
17.Hunt, J. C. R., Abell, C. J., Peterka, J. A. and Woo, H., “Kinematic Studies of the Flows around Free or Surface-mounted Obstacles: Applying Topology to Flow Visualization,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 86, pp. 179–200 (1978).Google Scholar
18.Tennekes, H. and Lumley, J. L. AFirst Course in Turbulence, MIT Press, Cambridge (1972).Google Scholar
19.Rohsenow, W. M. and Choi, H. Y., Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1961).Google Scholar
20.Kays, W. M. and Crawford, M. E., Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, McGraw-Hill, New York (1980).Google Scholar
21.Huang, P. G. and Bradshow, P., “Law of the Wall for Turbulent Flows in Pressure Gradients,” AIAA Journal, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 33, pp. 624–632 (1995).Google Scholar
22.Simpson, R. L., Chew, Y.-T. and Shivaprasad, B. G., “The Structure of a Separating Turbulent Boundary Layer,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 113, pp. 23–51 (1978).Google Scholar
23.Adams, G. A., Brown, S. J., McIntire, L. V., Eskin, S. G. and Martin, R. R., “Kinetics of Platelet Adhesion and Thrombus Growth,” Blood, 62, pp. 69–74 (1983).Google Scholar