Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T22:27:56.502Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Activators and Inhibitors of Hexokinase in Human Blood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

H. Weil-Malherbe  and
A. D. Bone
H. Weil-Malherbe
Affiliation:
Runwell Hospital, Wickford, Essex
A. D. Bone
Affiliation:
Runwell Hospital, Wickford, Essex
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The endocrine system is one of the foremost links in the psychosomatic relationship, and its special significance in the study of mental disease needs no emphasis. Compared with our knowledge of the chemistry and basic functions of the hormones very little is known about their more intimate mechanisms of action. It has been possible to assign to some hormones the function of controlling the rate of specific metabolic processes, but whether they do so by a direct reaction with a component of one or more enzyme systems or indirectly by influencing the mutual accessibility of enzyme and substrate is still a matter of discussion. The latter mechanism would depend on a spatial organization involving membrane barriers, phase boundaries or similar discontinuities and, in fact, many hormonal effects which can be demonstrated in vitro with the aid of intact or sliced tissues disappear when the structural organization of the cell is destroyed. It is, however, well to remember that synthetic and other energy-consuming reactions were believed until recently to depend on the integrity of the cellular organization, but when some insight was gained into the mechanism of biological energy transformation and the function of labile phosphate bonds in these processes, it was possible to demonstrate many such reactions in homogeneous systems. Similarly, the interactions of hormones and enzymes may require the intervention of unstable mediators, and control of these factors might allow their reconstruction in cell-free extracts. In any case, it is more satisfying to account for the great specificity of hormonal action on the basis of a chemical reaction with specific enzymes than by a mechanism leading to predominantly physical changes.

Type
Part I.—Original Articles
Information
Journal of Mental Science , Volume 97 , Issue 409 , October 1951 , pp. 635 - 662
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1951 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abelin, I., Helv. Physiol. Pharmacol. Acta, 1943, 1, C81.Google Scholar
Altschule, M. D., Altschule, L. H., and Tillotson, K. J., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1949, 9, 548.Google Scholar
Iidem, ibid., 1949, 9, 440.Google Scholar
Anderson, E., and Long, J. A., Recent Progress in Hormone Research, 1948, 2, 209. New York: Academic Press, Inc.Google Scholar
Ashby, W. R., J. Ment. Sci., 1949, 95, 275.Google Scholar
Bornstein, J., and Nelson, J. F., Nature, Lond., 1948, 162, 572.Google Scholar
Bouckaert, J. P., and De Duve, C., Physiol. Rev., 1947, 27, 39.Google Scholar
Broh-Kahn, R. H., and Mirsky, I. A., Science, 1947, 106, 148.Google Scholar
Castelluci, F., Riv. Sperim. Freniatr., 1940, 64, 523.Google Scholar
Christensen, W. R., Plimpton, C. H., and Ball, E. G., J. Biol. Chem., 1949, 180, 791.Google Scholar
Colowick, S. P., Cori, G. T., and Slein, M. W., ibid., 1947, 168, 583.Google Scholar
Cori, C. F., Congress Lecture, First Intern. Congr. Biochem, 1950. Cambridge: University Press.Google Scholar
Dury, A., Am. J. Physiol., 1950, 163, 96.Google Scholar
Duthie, E. S., and Lorenz, L., Biochem. J., 1949, 44, 167.Google Scholar
Elmadjian, F., and Pincus, G., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1946, 6, 287.Google Scholar
Idem, Freeman, H., and Pincus, G., Endocrinology, 1946, 39, 293.Google Scholar
Foglia, V. G., and Fernandez, R., Compt. rend. soc. biol., 1936, 121, 355.Google Scholar
Forsham, P. H., Thorn, G. W., Prunty, F. T. G., and Hills, A. G., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1948, 8, 15.Google Scholar
Gershberg, H., and Long, C. N. H., ibid., 1948, 8, 587.Google Scholar
Glick, D., and Moore, D. H., Arch. Biochem., 1948, 19, 173.Google Scholar
Gomori, G., Friedman, D. B., and Caldwell, D. W., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1939, 41, 567.Google Scholar
Grob, D., J. Gen. Physiol., 1943, 26, 405.Google Scholar
Heiman, M., Am. J. Psychiat., 1941, 98, 863.Google Scholar
Holmgren, H., and Wohlfarht, S., Acta Psychiat. Neurol., 1944, Supp. 31.Google Scholar
Kaplan, N. O., and Greenberg, D. M., Am. J. Physiol., 1944, 140 598.Google Scholar
Krahl, M. E., and Park, C. R., J. Biol. Chem., 1948, 174, 939.Google Scholar
Landsteiner, K., Zbl. Bakt. (1 Abt. Orig.), 1900, 27, 357.Google Scholar
McFarland, R. A., and Goldstein, H., Am. J. Psychiat., 1939, 96, 21.Google Scholar
Meyerhof, O., and Randall, L. O., Arch. Biochem., 1948, 17, 171.Google Scholar
Mikkelsen, W. P., and Hutchens, T. T., Endocrinology, 1948, 42, 394.Google Scholar
Nelson, N., J. biol. Chem., 1944, 153, 375.Google Scholar
Perlmutter, M., and Greep, R. O., ibid., 1948, 174, 915.Google Scholar
Piette, Y., Les modifications motrices, respiratoires, cardio-vasculaires et glycémiques au cours de l'électrochoc . Editions Acta Medica Belgica, 1950. Bruxelles.Google Scholar
Pincus, G., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1943, 3, 195.Google Scholar
Idem, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sc., 1949, 50, 635.Google Scholar
Idem and Hoagland, H., Am. J. Psychiat., 1950, 106, 641, 651Google Scholar
Idem, Freeman, H., and Elmadjian, F., Recent Progress in Hormone Research, 1949, 4, 291. New York: Academic Press, Inc.Google Scholar
Iidem and Romanoff, L. P., Psychosom. Med., 1949, 11, 74.Google Scholar
Idem, Romanoff, L. P., and Carlo, J., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1948, 8, 221.Google Scholar
Reid, E., Smith, R. H., and Young, F. G., Biochem. J., 1949, 42, xix.Google Scholar
Sayers, G., Burns, T. W., Tyler, F. H., Jager, B. V., Schwartz, T. B., Smith, E. L., Samuels, L. T., and Davenport, H. W., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 1949, 9, 593.Google Scholar
Smith, R. H., Biochem. J., 1949, 44, xlii.Google Scholar
Somogyi, M., J. Biol. Chem., 1948, 174, 597.Google Scholar
Idem, ibid., 1949, 179, 217.Google Scholar
Stadie, W. C., and Haugaard, N., ibid., 1949, 177, 311.Google Scholar
Iidem and Hills, A. G., ibid., 184, 617.Google Scholar
Stearns, G., and Warweg, E., ibid., 1933, 102, 749.Google Scholar
Tsai, S. Y., Bennett, A., May, L. G., and Gregory, R. L., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1950, 74, 782.Google Scholar
Villee, C. A., and Hastings, A. B., J. Biol. Chem., 1949, 179, 673.Google Scholar
Weil-Malherbe, H., Nature, Lond., 1950, 165, 155.Google Scholar
Idem and Bone, A. D., Biochem. J., 1951a, in the press.Google Scholar
Iidem, ibid., 1951b, in the press.Google Scholar
Iidem, ibid., 1951c, in the press.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.