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The 1969 Southern African Customs Union Agreement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2008

P. M. Landell-Mills
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Extract

On 11 December 1969 representatives of the Governments of Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa, and Swaziland signed a Customs Union Agreement, replacing that of 1910.1 Preliminary negotiations had been protracted. Bipartite discussions had begun some six years before, between South Africa and Britain, as the colonial power responsible for Bechuanaland, Basutoland, and Swaziland; but South Africa suspended the talks early in 1965, pending a reappraisal of her relationship with the three territories concerned, made necessary by their rapid constitutional advance, which led to complete independence. Negotiations were not resumed until mid-1968; several quadripartite meetings took place in Pretoria during 1968–9, including one at ministerial level. Eventually the detailed draft of the treaty was agreed.

Type
Article
Information
The Journal of Modern African Studies , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , August 1971 , pp. 263 - 281
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1971

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References

Page 263 note 1 See Botswana, Government Gazette (Gaborone), dated 12 12 1969Google Scholar: Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of Botswana, the Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho, the Government of the Republic of South Africa, and the Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland Terminating the Customs Agreement of 1910 and Concluding a New Customs Agreement, Together with a Memorandum of Understanding Relating Thereto.

Page 263 note 2 See Robson, P., Economic Integration in Africa (London, 1968), pp. 249–73Google Scholar; also his article, ‘Economic Integration in Southern Africa’, in The Journal of Modern African Studies (Cambridge), V, 4, 12 1967.Google Scholar

Page 263 note 3 The Development of the Basutoland Economy (London, 1965)Google Scholar; The Development of the Bechuanaland Economy (London, 1965)Google Scholar; and The Development of the Swaziland Economy (London, 1965).Google Scholar

Page 263 note 4 See, for example, Botswana, , National Development Plan, 1970/75 (Gaborone, 1970)Google Scholar; Statistical Abstract, 1969 (Gaborone, 1970)Google Scholar; and Leistner, G. M. E. and Smit, P., Swaziland: resources and development (Pretoria, 1969).Google Scholar

Page 263 note 5 High Commissioner's Notice 65 of 29 June 1910, Customs Agreement: Union of South Africa–Territories of Basutoland, Swaziland, and the Bechuanaland Protectorate.

Page 264 note 1 The 1969 Agreement shares have been calculated from data for the fiscal year 1965–6; an estimate of R 100 million for sales duty receipts has been included in the revenue pool for distribution.

Page 266 note 1 The Development of the BechuanoJand Economy.

Page 266 note 2 Transitional Plan for Economic and Social Development (Gaborone, 1966).Google Scholar

Taxation in South Africa: First Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Fiscal and Monetary Policy in South Africa (Pretoria, 1968).Google Scholar

Page 273 note 1 Report of the Commission of Enquiry into Policy Relating to the Protection of Industry (Pretoria, 1968).

Page 274 note 1 Two good examples are the Raisman arrangements in East Africa, and the European Development Bank, which provides funds for investment likely to develop the poorer areas of the E.E.C. For discussion of other compensatory arrangements in Africa, see Hazlewood, A. (ed.), African Integration and Disintegration (London, 1967),Google Scholar and Robson, Economic Integration in Africa.

Page 275 note 1 The 1910 and 1969 formulae have been applied to data for the fiscal year 1965–6, in order to estimate the revenue that each would have produced in that year. For the 1969 formula, an estimate of Ri oo million sales duty receipts has been included in the revenue pool, as in Table 2.

Page 277 note 1 Basutoland, , Bechuanaland Protectorate, and Swaziland, High Commissioner's Notice 63 of 1956: Customs Agreement between the Federation of Rhodesia and Wyasaland and Basutoland, the Bechuanaland Protectorate, and Swaziland (Cape Town, 1956).Google Scholar

Page 277 note 2 Trade Agreement between the Government of the Republic of South Africa and the Government of Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury, 1964)Google Scholar; Trade Agreement between the Government of the Republic of South Africa and the Government of the Republic of Malawi (Pretoria, 1967).Google Scholar