Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T23:14:21.587Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Marine Accident Frequencies – Review and Recent Empirical Results

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2009

Hans Rømer ,
H. J. Styhr Petersen  and
Palle Haastrup
Hans Rømer
Affiliation:
Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby European Commission, Joint Research Centre Ispra
H. J. Styhr Petersen
Affiliation:
Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby
Palle Haastrup
Affiliation:
European Commission, Joint Research Centre Ispra
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Marine accident frequencies reported in 20 different sources have been studied and compared. Further than this, comparisons were made with an analysis done by the present authors. There seems to be consistency within the sources in the use of the terms total loss, casualty and accident/incident. The rates were observed to decrease by an order of magnitude going from accident/incident to casualty and likewise from casualty to total loss. The overall frequencies were found to be in the range of 0·0009 to 0·07 total losses per 106 ship miles, 0·03 to 1 casualties per 106 ship miles, and 0·5 to 13 accidents/incidents per 106 ship miles. It was found that the frequency depends on visibility, brightness, geographical environment, age of vessel and size of vessel. Collision and grounding frequencies were found to increase with decreasing visibility, brightness and more restricted waters. Collision frequencies were found to increase with increasing size of vessel. Fire/explosion and structural damage frequencies were found to increase with increasing age, and collisions to decrease with increasing age. No firm trend was found from the effect of flag state or type of vessel.

Keywords

1. Risk analysis.2. Collisions.3. Strandings.4. Safety.5. Accidents.
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , September 1995 , pp. 410 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Haastrup, P., Elwood, C. and Rømer, H. (1994). CHEMAX – A database of accidents involving dangerous chemicals. Tech. Report, EUR 15970 EN. European Commission. Joint Research Centre Ispra, Italy.Google Scholar
2Taylor, J. R. (1994). Risk Analysis For Process Plant, Pipelines and Transport. E & FN Spon., London, ISBN: 0-419-9090-2.Google Scholar
3Haastrup, P. and Brockhoff, L. (1991). Reliability of accident case histories concerning hazardous chemicals. An analysis of uncertainty and quality aspects. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 27. 339–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Aldwinckle, D. S. and Pomeroy, R. V. (1983). Reliability and Safety Assessment Methods for Ships and Other Installations. Lloyd's Register of Shipping, London.Google Scholar
5COST 301. Shore-based marine navigation aid systems. Tech. Rep. EUR 11304, EN. Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1988. Main Report, ISBN: 92-825-7769-4.Google Scholar
6Lees, F. P. (1980). Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Butterworth Ltd., London. ISBN: 0-408-10604.Google Scholar
7Blything, K. W. and Lewis, R. C. E. (1985). Incident probabilities on liquid gas ships. Tech. Rep. SRD R340. UK Atomic Energy Authority.Google Scholar
8Blything, K. W. and Edmondson, J. N. (1984). Fire/explosion probabilities on liquid gas ships. Tech Rep. SRD R292. UK Atomic Energy Authority.Google Scholar
9Peterson, R. A. (1981). Maritime oil tanker casualties - analysis of safety and policy issues 1964–1977. Tech. Rep. R-212. Netherlands Maritime Institute, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
10Fujii, Y. (1974). Some factors influencing the frequency of accidents on marine traffic. This Journal, 27, 235.Google Scholar
11Lewison, G. R. G. (1980). The estimation of collision risk for marine traffic in UK waters. This Journal, 33, 317.Google Scholar
12Cashman, J. P. (1977). Analysis of world merchant ship losses 1967–1975. In Safety At Sea, pp. 15–34. WEMT Executive Committee. May.Google Scholar
13Abkowitz, M. and Galarraga, J. (1986). Tanker accident rates and expected consequences in US ports and high seas region. Transportation Research Board, pp. 161–169. State of the Art Report 3: Recent advances in hazardous materials transportation research: an international exchange.Google Scholar
14Thyregod, P. and Nielsen, B. (1993). Trends in marine losses and major casualties 1984–1992. IMSOR Technical Report 8. Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. ISSN: 0906–9992.Google Scholar
15DAMA - Statistik for sjøulkkrt. (1990). Internal Report, Det Norske Veritas, Oslo, Norway.Google Scholar
16Søfartsstyrelsen, Dansk Søulykkestatistik. (1990). Denmark, ISBN: 87-7454-183-8.Google Scholar
17Appleton, P. (1988). Transport accident frequency data - their sources and their application in risk assessment. Tech. Rep. SRD R474. Safety and Reliability Directorate.Google Scholar
18Bowdidge, D. (1977). Collisions and strandings in the Dover Strait 1960–1976. Tech. Rep. R12. National Maritime Institute, Middlesex, UK.Google Scholar
19Aldwinckle, D. S. and McLean, D. (1984). A safety review of ships for liquefied gases and future legislative needs. In Tenth International LNG/LPG Conference and Exhibition (Amsterdam, Holland). Session 3, paper 1.Google Scholar
20Tanker casualty rate lowest for 15 years. Hazardous Cargo Bulletin, 7, 61. Sept. 1986.Google Scholar
21Cuming, J. A. and Jenssen, T. K. (1984). Risk analysis of shipping and offshore operation. This Journal, 37, 37.Google Scholar
22Boe, T. H. C. and Jenssen, T. K. (1975). Risk from LNG-transport in Tokyo Bay: a case study. Tech. Rep. 75–263. Det Norske Veritas, Oslo, Norway. October.Google Scholar
23Bruun, O. (1989). Port Engineering. Vol. 1. Gulf Publishing Co, Texas, USA. ISBN: 0-87201-843-1.Google Scholar
24Quon, T. and Bushell, G. (1994). Modelling navigational risk and oil spill probabilities. This Journal, 47, 390.Google Scholar
25Olsen, S. B. (1993). Transport of farligt gods i danske farvande. Master's Thesis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. (MSc thesis in Danish).Google Scholar
26Statistical Tables 1991. Lloyd's Register of Shipping, London, ISSN: 0076–0234.Google Scholar