Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T04:17:51.559Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Analysis of Long-Range Air Traffic Systems: Separation Standards — I

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2009

P. G. Reich
P. G. Reich
Affiliation:
(Royal Aircraft Establishment)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

This paper was first published in Volume 19, p. 88, in 1966. Parts II and III were included in following issues of the Journal. The paper is Crown Copyright and is reproduced with the permission of H.M. Stationery Office. It is followed by comments from Stanley Ratcliffe.

The main task of air traffic controllers is to plan traffic flows so that aircraft are allotted sufficient separation to absorb not only systematic differences in speed but also the imperfections of navigation and piloting, which we term flying errors. To this end, they usually work with three separation standards, to be applied in, respectively, the along-track, across-track and vertical dimensions of space. The separation standard for any one dimension is the minimum intended (i.e. planned) separation permitted in that dimension when the intended separations are less than standard in the other two. The problem is to choose standards which are safe enough, but not so large as to lead to unnecessary traffic delays and deviations.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 50 , Issue 3 , September 1997 , pp. 436 - 447
Copyright
Copyright © Crown Copyright 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1International Air Transport Association (1963). Report on vertical separation study, North Atlantic region, 15 July–30 September 1963. IATA DOC, GEN. 1951.Google Scholar
2Kolnick, J. J., and Bentley, Barbara S. (1963). ‘Random deviations from stabilized cruise altitude of commercial transports at altitudes up to 40,000 ft. with autopilot in altitude hold’. NASA T.N. D-1950.Google Scholar
3Federal Aviation Agency (1964). Operation Accordion. Vol. I Report No. RD-64-J2, I.Google Scholar
4Reich, P. G., (1964). A theory of safe separation standards for air traffic control. RAE Tech. Report 64041.Google Scholar
5Reich, P. G., (1964). An analysis of planned aircraft proximity and its relation to collision risk with special reference to the North Atlantic region 1965–1971. RAE Tech. Report 64042.Google Scholar
6Reich, P. G., (1964). Separation standards in the North Atlantic region 1965–71 in the light of recent measurements of flying errors. RAE Tech. Report 64043.Google Scholar
7Piggott, B. A. M., (1965). A non-linear maximization problem arising in the study of aircraft collision risk. RAE Tech. Report 6J044.Google Scholar
8Treweek, K. H., (1965). An approach to the problem of estimating safe separation standards for air traffic. This Journal, 18, 285.Google Scholar
9Attwooll, V. W., (1965). Costing air traffic control deviations. This Journal, 19, 99.Google Scholar
10Hampton, D. E., and Mills, J. R. (1964). The long-range navigation of civil aircraft. This Journal, 17, 167.Google Scholar
11Pool, A., and Burgerhout, T. J. (1964). Vertical separation of civil aircraft during cruising. National Aeronautical and Astronautical Research Institute, Amsterdam, Report V. 1930.Google Scholar