Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:31:19.421Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biostratigraphy of Devonian stromatoporoid faunas of arctic and western Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Colin W. Stearn
Colin W. Stearn*
Affiliation:
Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2A7, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Through a review of older type collections and identifications of undescribed collections, using a broad species definition, the Devonian succession is divided into 10 assemblages. The names of many species are revised. With the exception of the Pragian, all stages of the system are represented by one or more assemblages. The ranges of important taxa are plotted and shown to be relatively short and diagnostic of the 10 intervals. In the absence of conodonts in the reef facies, stromatoporoids offer a supplementary method of correlation. Many species occurring in Canada can be recognized in the stromatoporoid faunas of the former Soviet Union, China, Europe, and Australia.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 75 , Issue 1 , January 2001 , pp. 9 - 23
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Present address: 65 Aberdeen Road, Kitchner, Ontario, N2M 2Y4, Canada <colinst@golden.net>

References

Birkhead, P. K. 1967. Stromatoporoidea of Missouri. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 52:19–110.Google Scholar
Bogoyavlenskaya, O. V. 1977. Nekotorye stromatoporoidei iz rannedevonskikh otlozhenii vostochnogo sklona Urala, p. 13–30. In Pavlov, G. N. and Breivel, M. G. (eds.), Novye Materialy po Paleontologii Urala. Trudy Akadamiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Geologii i Geochemii, 128:1–162.Google Scholar
Braun, W. K., Norris, W. A., and Uyeno., T. T. 1988. Late Givetian to early Frasnian biostratigraphy of western Canada: the Slave Point-Waterways boundary and related events, p. 93–111. In Macmillan, N. J., Embry, A. F., and Glass, D. J., (eds.), Devonian of the World, Volume 3. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 14.Google Scholar
Cockbain, A. 1984. Stromatoporoids from the Devonian reef complexes Canning Basin, Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Mines Bulletin, 129, 108 p.Google Scholar
Cook, A. G. 1999. Stromatoporoid paleoecology and systematics from the middle Devonian Fanning Group, North Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 43(2):463–551Google Scholar
Dong, D.-Y., Wang, S.-B., and Fu., J.-H. 1989. Devonian stromatoporoid biota of the northern Guangxi and mountlike superimposed bioherm of Huanjiang county—with remarks of the distribution of the Devonian and sedimentary paleogeography in this area. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Academia Sinica Memoir 25:235–290. (In Chinese)Google Scholar
Dunn, C. E. 1975. The Upper Devonian Duperow Formation in southeastern Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Department of Mineral Resources. Geological Survey Report 179.Google Scholar
Embry, A. F., and Klovan., J. E. 1972. Absolute water depth limits of Late Devonian paleoecologic zones. Geologisch Rundschau, 61:672–686.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fagerstrom, J. A. 1982. Stromatoporoids of the Detroit River Group and adjacent rocks in the vicinity of the Michigan Basin. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 339, 81 p.Google Scholar
Fischbuch, N. R. 1968. Stratigraphy, Devonian Swan Hills reef complexes of central Alberta. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 16:446–587.Google Scholar
Fischbuch, N. R. 1969. Devonian stromatoporoids from central Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 6:167–185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischbuch, N. R. 1970. Devonian reef-building stromatoporoids from western Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 44:1071–1088.Google Scholar
Flügel, E., and Flügel-Kahler., E. 1968. Stromatoporoidea (Hydrozoa, Palaeozoica). Fossilium Catalogus I, F, parts 115, 116, 681 p.Google Scholar
Galloway, J. J. 1957. Structure and classification of the Stromatoporoidea. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 37:345–480.Google Scholar
Galloway, J. J. 1960. Devonian stromatoporoids from the lower Mackenzie Valley. Journal of Paleontology, 34:620–636.Google Scholar
Galloway, J. J., and Jean., J. St. 1957. Middle Devonian Stromatoporoidea of Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 37:25–308.Google Scholar
Girty, G. H. 1895. A revision of the sponges and coelenterates of the Lower Helderberg Group of New York. State of New York 18th Annual Report of the State Geologist for the year 1894, 259–309.Google Scholar
Hartman, W. D., and Goreau., T. F. 1970. Jamaican coralline sponges: their morphology, ecology, and fossil representatives, p. 205–243. In Fry, W. G. (ed.), Biology of the Porifera. Zoological Society of London Symposium 25.Google Scholar
Kazmierczak, J. 1971. Morphogenesis and systematics of the Devonian Stromatoporoidea of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Palaeontologica Polonica, 26:1–150.Google Scholar
Khromych, V. G. 1969. Stromatoporoidei iz srednedevonskikh otlozhenii Omolonskogo massiva, p. 29–37, 129. In Ivanovski, A. B. (ed.), Verknii paleozoi Sibiri i Dal'nego Vostoka. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Trudy Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki, 68.Google Scholar
Khromych, V. G. 1971. O stromatoporoideiakh nelud imskoi svity (Svero-Vostok SSSR), p. 125–134. In Ivanovsky, V. A. (ed.), Rugosy i stromatoporoidei paleozoya SSSR. Trudy II, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoi otdeleniya, Vsesoyouznogo simposiuma po izucheniiu iskoraymyck korallov SSSR.Google Scholar
Khromych, V. G. 1976. Stratigrafiya devonskikh otlozhenii i stromatoporoidei Khebta Ulakhan-Sis. Akademiia Nauk SSSR Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Trudy Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki 302:1–104.Google Scholar
Khromych, V. G., and Nguyen., H. H. 1988. Stromatoporoidea, p. 6–37. In Dubatolov, V. N. (ed.), Stratigrafiia i tselenteraty devona Vietnama, 2. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Institut Geologii i Geofiziki, 248 p.Google Scholar
Klapper, G. 1997. Graphic correlation of Frasnian (Upper Devonian) sequences in Montaigne Noire, France, and western Canada, p. 113— 129. In Klapper, G., Murphy, M. A., and Talent, J. A., (eds.), Paleozoic Sequence Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy and Biogeography: Studies in honor of J. Granville (“Jess”) Johnson. Geological Society of America Special Paper 321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klapper, G., and Lane., H. R. 1988. Frasnian (Upper Devonian) conodont sequence at Luscar Mountain and Mount Haultain, Alberta Rocky Mountains, p. 469–478. In MacMillan, N. J., Embry, A. F., and Glass, D. J. (eds.), Devonian of the World, Volume 3. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 14.Google Scholar
Klovan, J. E. 1966. Upper Devonian stromatoporoids from the Redwater Reef Complex, Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 133:1–33.Google Scholar
Krebedunkel, J. 1995. Stromatoporen aus dem Givet und Frasne des Bergischen Landes. Geologisches Institut der Universitaet zu Koeln Sonderveroeffentlichungen, 106:1–182.Google Scholar
Lecompte, M. 1951. Les stromatoporoides du Dévonien moyen et supérieur du Bassin de Dinant. Institut Royale des Sciences Naturelles Belgique, 116:1–218.Google Scholar
Lecompte, M. 1952. Les stromatoporoides du Dévonien moyen et supérieur du Bassin de Dinant. Institut Royale des Sciences Naturelles Belgique, 117:219–360.Google Scholar
Mallamo, M. P. 1995. Paleoceanography of the Upper Devonian Fair-holme Carbonate Complex, Kananaskis-Banff Area, Alberta. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. McGill University, Montreal, 433 p.Google Scholar
May, A. 1999a. Revision of the Silurian and Devonian stromatoporoids of Bohemia described by Počta (1894). Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 4(1–2):167–180Google Scholar
May, A. 1999b. Stromatoporen aus dem Ober-Emsian (Unter-Devon) der Sierra Moreno (Süd-Spanien). Münstersche Forschungen zur Geologie und Paläontologie, 86:97–106.Google Scholar
May, A., and Hladil., J. 1997. Spodnodevonští stromatoporoidi z Koněprus (strupeň prag). Zprávy a geologických výzkumech v roce 1997:94–97. (In Czech)Google Scholar
McCammon, H. 1960. Fauna of the Manitoba Group in Manitoba. Manitoba Department of Mines and Natural Resources, Mines Branch Publication 59–6, 109 p.Google Scholar
Mistiaen, B. 1980. Stromatopores de Givétien de Ferques (Boulonnais, France). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4e Serie, 2:167–257.Google Scholar
Mistiaen, B. 1985. Phénomènes récifaux dans le Dévonien d'Afghanistan (Montaignes Centrales). Analyse et Systématique des stromatopores, 2. Société Géologique du Nord, 11:1–245.Google Scholar
Mossop, G. D., and Shetsen, I. (eds.). 1994. Geological atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists and Alberta Research Council, 510 p.Google Scholar
Nguyen, H. H., and Mistiaen., B. 1998. Uppermost Famennian stromatoporoids of north central Viet Nam. Journal of Geology Viet Nam, Series B, No. 11–12:57–75Google Scholar
Nicholson, H. A. 1891. On some new and imperfectly known species of stromatoporoids. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7(6):309–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noble, J. P. A. 1970. Biofacies analysis, Cairn Formation of Miette Reef Complex (Upper Devonian), Jasper National Park, Alberta. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 18:493–534.Google Scholar
Norris, A. W. 1985. Stratigraphy of Devonian outcrop belts in northern Yukon Territory and northwest district of Mackenzie. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norris, A. W., Uyeno, T. T., and McCabe., H. R. 1982. Devonian rocks of the Lake Winnipegosis-Lake Manitoba outcrop belt, Manitoba. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 392 and Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Publication, 77–1:10–280CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parks, W. A. 1936. Devonian stromatoporoids of North America, Part 1. University of Toronto Studies, Geological Series, 39:1–125.Google Scholar
Pedder, A. E. H., and Klapper., G. 1977. Fauna and correlation of the type section of the Cranswick Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, Yukon Territory. Geological Survey of Canada, Report of Activities, Part B, Paper 77-1B:227–234Google Scholar
Perry, D. G., Klapper, G., and Lenz., A. C. 1974. Age of the Ogilvie Formation (Devonian) northern Yukon, based primarily on the occurrence of brachiopods and conodonts. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 11:1055–1097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Počta, P. 1894. Bryozoaires, Hydrozoaires et partie des Anthozoaires, p. 1–230. In Barrande, J., Système Silurien du centre de la Bohème. Recherches Palémtologique, 8(1).Google Scholar
Prosh, E. C., and Stearn., C. W. 1993. Early Devonian age of the Detroit River Group, inferred from Arctic stromatoporoids. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30:2465–2474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prosh, E. C., and Stearn., C. W. 1996. Stromatoporoids from the Emsian (Lower Devonian) of Arctic Canada. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 109:1–66.Google Scholar
Qi, W.-T., and Stearn., C. W. 1993. Stromatoporoids from the Slave Point Formation (Givetian) of Evie Lake, northeastern British Columbia, Canada. Acta Scientarium Naturalium Pekinensis (Pei-ching ta hsueh hsueh pao), 29(6):715–728Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1974. The Devonian genus Keega (Algae) reinterpreted as a stromatoporoid basal layer. Palaeontology, 17:565–577.Google Scholar
Shields, M. J., and Geldsetzer., H. H. J. 1992. The MacKenzie margin, Southesk-Cairn carbonate complex: depositional history, stratal geometry and comparison with other Late Devonian platform-margins. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 40:274–293.Google Scholar
Smith, G. P., and Stearn., C. W. 1987. Anatomy and evolution of a Lower Devonian reef complex, Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 35:251–262.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1961. Devonian stromatoporoids from the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Journal of Paleontology, 35:932–948.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1962. Stromatoporoid fauna of the Waterways Formation (Devonian) of northeastern Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 92:1–21.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1963. Some stromatoporoids from the Beaverhill Lake Formation (Devonian) of the Swan Hills area, Alberta. Journal of Paleontology, 37:651–668.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1966. Upper Devonian stromatoporoids from southern Northwest Territories and northern Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 133:35–68.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1972. The relationship of the stromatoporoids to the sclerosponges. Lethaia, 5:369–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1975. Stromatoporoid assemblages, Ancient Wall reef complex (Devonian), Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 12:1631–1667.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1979. Biostratigraphy of Devonian stromatoporoids, p. 229–232. In The Palaeontological Association, The Devonian System., Special Papers in Palaeontology 23.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1980. Classification of the Paleozoic stromatoporoids. Journal of Paleontology, 54:881–902.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1983. Stromatoporoids from the Blue Fiord Formation (Lower Devonian), Arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 57:539–559.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1987. Effect of the Frasnian–Famennian extinction on the stromatoporoids. Geology, 15:677–679.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1988. Stromatoporoids from the Famennian (Devonian) Wabamun Formation, Normandville oilfield, north-central Alberta, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 62:411–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1989. Intraspecific variability and species concepts in Palaeozoic stromatoporoids. Proceeding of the 5th International Symposium of Fossil Cnidaria, Brisbane. Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir 8:45–50.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1990. Stromatoporoids from the allochthonous reef facies of the Stuart Bay Formation (Lower Devonian), Bathurst Island, arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 64:493–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1993. Revision of the order Stromatoporida. Palaeontology, 36:201–229.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1996. Stromatoporoids from the Devonian (Eifelian to lowest Frasnian) of Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 70:196–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1997. Biostratigraphy of the Devonian reef facies in western and arctic Canada based on stromatoporoids. Bolletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Sección Geológica, 92:339–348.Google Scholar
Stearn, C. W. 1998. Devonian stromatoporoid fauna of the Bent Horn oilfield, Cameron Island, Northwest Territories. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 35:16–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W., and Mehrotra., P. H. 1970. Lower and Middle Devonian stromatoporoids from northwestern Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 70–13:1–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W., and Shah., D. H. 1990. Devonian (Givetian–Frasnian) stromatoporoids from the subsurface of Saskatchewan, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27:1746–1756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W., Halim-Dihardja, M., and Nishida., A. D. 1987. An oil-producing patch reef in the Famennian (Devonian) Wabamun Formation, Normandville Field, Alberta. Palaios, 2:560–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearn, C. W., Webby, B. D., Nestor, H., and Stock., C. W. 1999. Revised classification and terminology of Palaeozoic stromatoporoids. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 44:1–77.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1979. Upper Silurian (Pridoli) Stromatoporoidea of New York. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 76:289–389.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1982. Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Stromatoporoidea of north-central Iowa: Mason City Member of the Shell Rock Formation. Journal of Paleontology, 56:654–679.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1988. Lower Devonian (Gedinnian) Stromatoporoidea of New York: redescription of type species of Girty (1895). Journal of Paleontology, 62:8–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1989. Microreticulate microstructure in the Stromatoporoidea. Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir, 8:149–155.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1990. Biogeography of Devonian stromatoporoids, p. 257–265. In McKerrow, W. S. and Scotese, C. R. (eds.), Palaeozoic Palaeogeography and Biogeography. The Geological Society, London, Memoir 12.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1991. Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Stromatoporoidea from the Manlius Formation of New York. Journal of Paleontology 65:897–911.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W. 1997. Lower Devonian (Lochovian) Stromatoporoidea from the Coeymans Formation of central New York. Journal of Paleontology 71:539–583.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W., and Burry-Stock., J. A. 1998. Differentiating between two closely related species of stromatoporoids: a cannonical discriminant analysis. Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 30:A–264.Google Scholar
Stock, C. W., and Holmes., A. E. 1986. Upper Silurian/Lower Devonian Stromatoporoidea from the Keyser Formation at Mustoe, Highland County, west-central Virginia. Journal of Paleontology, 60:555–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uyeno, T. T. 1990. Biostratigraphy and conodont faunas of Upper Ordovician through Middle Devonian rocks, eastern Arctic Archipelago. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 401:1–211.Google Scholar
Uyeno, T. T. 1991. Pre-Famennian Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of selected intervals in the eastern Canadian Cordillera. In Orchard, M. J. and McCracken, A. D. (eds.), Ordovician to Triassic Conodont Paleontology of the Canadian Cordillera. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 417:129–161.Google Scholar
Webby, B. D., and Zhen., Y. Y. 1993. Lower Devonian stromatoporoids from the Jesse Limestone of the Limekilns area, New South Wales. Alcheringa, 17:327–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webby, B. D., Stearn, C. W., and Zhen., Y. Y. 1993. Lower Devonian (Pragian–Emsian) stromatoporoids from Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 105(2):113–186.Google Scholar
Whiteaves, J. F. 1892. The fossils of the Devonian rocks of the islands, shores, or immediate vicinity of Lakes Manitoba and Winnipegosis. Geological Survey of Canada Separate Report 445. Contributions to Canadian Paleontology 1, part 4, 6:255–359.Google Scholar
Witzke, B. J., Bunker, B. J., and Rogers., F. S. 1988. Eifelian through Lower Frasnian stratigraphy and deposition in the Iowa area, central midcontinent, U.S.A., p. 221–250. In MacMillan, N. J., Embry, A. F., and Glass, D. J. (eds.), Devonian of the World. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 14, Volume 3.Google Scholar
Wray, J. L., and Playford., P. E. 1970. Some occurrences of Devonian reef-building algae in Alberta. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 18:544–555.Google Scholar
Yang, J.-Z., and Dong., D.-Y. 1979. Devonian stromatoporoids from central and eastern parts of Guangxi, China. Palaeontologica Sinica, new series B, 157(14):1–89.Google Scholar
Zukalová, V. 1971. Stromatoporoidea from the Middle and Upper Devonian of the Moravian Karst. Rozpravy Ústředního ústavu geologického, 37:1–143.Google Scholar

A correction has been issued for this article:

Errata

Colin W. Stern