Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T03:57:23.758Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Carniaster orchardi new genus and species (Echinodermata: Asteroidea), the first Triassic asteroid from the western hemisphere

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Daniel B. Blake
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801,
John-Paul Zonneveld
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada (Calgary), 3303 33rd St. NW, Alberta T2L 2A7,

Abstract

Carniaster orchardi n. gen. and sp. (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) is only the fourth Triassic asteroid known from material complete enough to warrant a generic name. Data indicating familial and ordinal positions are not available. All four Triassic genera belong to the exclusively post-Paleozoic crown group. Carniaster does not appear to differ significantly from other described Triassic genera, and it probably represents a broadly basal lineage within the crown group diversification. Available morphological data suggest no ecologic parameters that would be unusual among living asteroids. Carniaster is the first complete Triassic asteroid known from beyond Europe.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blake, D. B. 1987. A classification and phylogeny of post-Palaeozoic sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata). Journal of Natural History, 21:481528.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1990. Adaptive zones of the class Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 46:701718.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 2000. The class Asteroidea (Echinodermata): fossils and the base of the crown group. American Zoologist, 40:316325.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., and Hagdorn, H. 2003. The Asteroidea (Echinodermata) of the Muschelkalk (Triassic of Germany). Paleontologische Zeitschrift, 77:137.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., and Hotchkiss, F. H. C. 2004. Recognition of the asteroid (Echinodermata) crown group: implications of the ventral skeleton. Journal of Paleontology, 78:359370.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., Tintori, A., and Hagdorn, H. 2000. A new asteroid (Echinodermata) from the Norian (Triassic) Calcare di Zorzino of northern Italy: its stratigraphic occurrence and phylogenetic significance. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 106:141156.Google Scholar
Dahmer, G. 1937. Lebebsspuren aus dem Taunusquarzit und den Siegener Schichten (Unterdevon). Jahrbuch der Pruessischen Geologischen Landesanstalt 1936, 57:523538.Google Scholar
de Blainville, H. M. 1930. Zoophytes. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles. F. G. Levrault, Strasbourg, 60 p.Google Scholar
Eck, H. 1979. Bemerkungen zu den Mittheilungen des Herrn H. Pohlig über “Aspidura, ein mesozoisches Ophiuridengenus” und über die Lagerstätte der Ophiuren im Muschelkalk. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gessellschaft, 31:3553.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, K. 1944. Ergänzende Bemerkungen zu den seinerzeit aus dem Miozän von Burgschleinitz beschreibenen Gangkernen und Bauten dekapoder Krebse. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 23:354359.Google Scholar
Gale, A. S. 1987. Phylogeny and classification of the Asteroidea. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89:107132.Google Scholar
Haldeman, S. S. 1840. A monograph of the Limniades, and other freshwater univalve shells of North America. Supplement, containing descriptions of apparently new animals in different classes, and the names and characters of the subgenera in Paludina and Anculosa. N. p., Philadelphia, 3 p.Google Scholar
Hayashi, S. 1968. The Permian conodonts in chert of the Adoyama Formation, Ashio mountains, central Japan. Chikyu Kagaky, 22(2):6377.Google Scholar
McKnight, D. G. 1975. Classification of somasteroids and asteroids (Asterozoa: Echinodermata). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 5:1319.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J. 1991a. Late Triassic conodont biochronology and biostratigraphy of the Kunga Group, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, p. 173193. In Woodsworth, G. J. (ed.), Evolution and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Queen Charlotte Basin, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Paper, 90–10.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J. 1991b. Upper Triassic conodont biochronology and new index species from the Canadian Cordillera, p. 299335. In Orchard, M. J. and McCracken, A. D. (eds.), Ordovician to Triassic Conodont Paleontology of the Canadian Cordillera. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 417.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J., and Tozer, E. T. 1997. Triassic conodont biochronology, its calibration with the ammonoid standard, and a biostratigraphic summary for the Western Canada, p. 675692. In Moslow, T. F. and Wittenberg, J. (eds.), Triassic of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 45.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J., Zonneveld, J.-P., Johns, M. J., McRoberts, C. A., Sandy, M. R., Tozer, E. T., and Carrelli, G. F. 2001. Fossil succession and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Triassic of Black Bear Ridge, northeast British Columbia. Albertiana, 25:1022.Google Scholar
Torrell, O. M. 1870. Petrificata Suecana Formationis Cambricae, Lunds Universitet, Arsskrift. Volume 4, Pt. 2, no. 8, p. 114.Google Scholar
Zonneveld, J.-P., and Gingras, M. K. 2001. Sedimentology and ichnology of the Triassic of northeastern British Columbia. Field Trip Guidebook, Rock the Foundation: 2001 Canadian Society of Petroleum Geology Annual Convention, 159 p.Google Scholar
Zonneveld, J.-P., and Orchard, M. J. 2002. Stratal relationships of the Upper Triassic Baldonnel Formation, Williston Lake, northeastern British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Current Research 2002-A8, 11 p.Google Scholar
Zonneveld, J.-P., Gingras, M. K., Orchard, M. J., Stanley, G. D., Blakney, B. J., and Henderson, C. M. 2002. Triassic reefs of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Front Ranges: recovery of hard-bottom communities in the aftermath of the Permian-Triassic extinction. 16th International Sedimentological Congress, Johannesburg, South Africa, Abstract Volume, p. 425.Google Scholar