Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T03:45:26.416Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Early Cambrian sponges from Vermont and Pennsylvania, the only ones described from North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2016

J. Keith Rigby
J. Keith Rigby*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Early Cambrian Leptomitus zitteli Walcott, 1886, is a tubular, double-walled, demo-sponge from the Parker Slate of Vermont and is one of the few intact sponges of that age known. It occurs with skeletal fragments of ?Protospongia hicksi Hinde, 1887. Hazelia walcotti (Resser and Howell, 1938) is a thin-walled, tubular sponge with crudely clustered oxeas in a thatched skeleton. It is known from the Kinzers Formation of Pennsylvania. Early occurrences of Leptomitus and Hazelia indicate that at least these two lineages had diverged by the latter part of the Early Cambrian. The impression described as Leptomitus minor by Resser and Howell (1938) lacks spicules and is not a sponge.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 61 , Issue 3 , May 1987 , pp. 451 - 461
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Booth, V. H. 1950. Stratigraphy and structure of the Oak Hills succession in Vermont. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 61:1131–1168.Google Scholar
Campbell, L. D. 1971. Occurrence of “Ogygopsis Shale” fauna in southeastern Pennsylvania. Journal of Paleontology, 45:437–440.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. 1940. On a new genus of sponges from the Cambrian of the Flinders Range, South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Australia, 64:101–108.Google Scholar
Dana, J. D. 1895. Manual of Geology, 4th edition. American Book Company, New York, 1,088 p.Google Scholar
Dawson, J. W. 1890 (1889). On new species of fossil sponges from the Siluro-Cambrian at Little Metis on the Lower St. Lawrence. (Including notes on the specimens, by Dr. G. J. Hinde, F.G.S.) Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 7(4):31–55.Google Scholar
Gorjansky, V. Yu., 1977. (First find of remains of a sponge in the Lower Cambrian of East Siberia.) (Minor reports), Ezhegodnik Vsesoyuznyi Paleontologiya Obshchestva, 20:274–276. (In Russian.)Google Scholar
Hinde, G. J. 1887–1888. A monograph of the British fossil sponges. Parts I and II. Palaeontographical Society of London, p. 1–92 (1887), p. 93–188 (1888).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keith, A. 1932. Stratigraphy and structure of northwestern Vermont. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 22:357–379, 393–406.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A. 1889. North American Geology and Paleontology. Cincinnati, 664 p.Google Scholar
Pickett, J. W. 1983. An annotated bibliography and review of Australian fossil sponges. Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir 1, p. 93–120.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. 1966. Protospongia hicksi Hinde from the Middle Cambrian of western Utah. Journal of Paleontology, 40:549–554.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. 1983. Sponges of the Cambrian Marjum Limestone from the House Range and Drum Mountains of western Millard County, Utah. Journal of Paleontology, 57:240–270.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. 1986. Sponges of the Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian), British Columbia. Palaeontographica Canadiana, 2, 105 p.Google Scholar
Resser, C. E., and Howell, B. F. 1938. Lower Cambrian Olenellus Zone of the Appalachians. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 49:195–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, A. B. 1954. Lower and Middle Cambrian faunal succession in northwestern Vermont. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 65:1033–1046.Google Scholar
Shaw, A. B. 1958. Stratigraphy and structure of the St. Albans area, northwestern Vermont. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 69:519–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimer, J. W., and Shrock, R. R. 1944. Index Fossils of North America. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 837 p.Google Scholar
Stose, G. W., and Jonas, A. I. 1922. The lower Paleozoic section of southeastern Pennsylvania. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 12:358–366.Google Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1886. Second contribution to the studies of the Cambrian faunas of North America. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 30, 369 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1889. Descriptive notes of new genera and species from the Lower Cambrian or Olenellus zone of North America. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 12:33–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1896. The Cambrian rocks of Pennsylvania. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 134:17–18.Google Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1920. Cambrian geology and paleontology. IV. Middle Cambrian Spongiae. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(6):261–364.Google Scholar