Hostname: page-component-6bb9c88b65-zjgpb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-07-23T16:48:16.124Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Late Neogene Neohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Gulf Coastal Plain of Florida and Texas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Richard C. Hulbert Jr.
Richard C. Hulbert Jr.*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Three successive species of Neohipparion are recognized from the Gulf Coastal Plain: N. affine from the early Clarendonian Lapara Creek Fauna of Texas; N. trampasense from the very late Clarendonian and early Hemphillian of Florida; and N. eurystyle from the late early and late Hemphillian of Florida. Numerous specimens from the Love Site, Alachua County, Florida, as well as from other faunas of similar age from Florida, Kansas, and Nebraska (e.g., the Xmas-Kat Quarries), are referred to N. trampasense. This species is ancestral to all later species of Neohipparion, as it shares with them many advanced dental characters, but often in a rudimentary or intermediate form. Five valid species constitute the monophyletic genus Neohipparion, which ranges from the late Barstovian to the latest Hemphillian (late Miocene through earliest Pliocene) in North America. A close phylogenetic relationship between Neohipparion and “Merychippus” republicanus and/or Pseudhipparion is proposed based on similarities of cranial and dental features.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , July 1987 , pp. 809 - 830
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Becker, J. J. 1985. Fossil herons (Aves: Ardeidae) of the late Miocene and early Pliocene of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 5:24–31.Google Scholar
Berta, A., and Morgan, G. S. 1985. A new sea otter (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from the late Miocene and early Pliocene (Hemphillian) of North America. Journal of Paleontology, 59:809–819.Google Scholar
Bode, F. D. 1931. Characters useful in determining the position of individual teeth in the permanent cheektooth series of merychippine horses. Journal of Mammalogy, 12:118–129.Google Scholar
Churcher, C. S., and Richardson, M. L. 1978. Equidae, p. 379–422. In Maglio, V. J. and Cooke, H. B. S. (eds.), Evolution of African Mammals. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cope, E. D. 1889. A review of the North American species of Hippotherium . Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 26:429–458.Google Scholar
Cope, E. D. 1893. A preliminary report on the vertebrate paleontology of the Llano Estacado. 4th Annual Report, Geological Survey of Texas, 136 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalquest, W. W. 1981. Hesperohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae), a new genus of horse from the Hemphillian of North America, with a description of a new species. Southwestern Naturalist, 25:505–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, S. W. 1982. A new species of Hipparion (Mammalia: Equidae) from the Clarendonian (Miocene) of California. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 2:173–183 Google Scholar
Eldredge, N. 1979. Cladism and common sense, p. 165–198. In Cracraft, J. and Eldredge, N. (eds.), Phylogenetic Analysis and Paleontology. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Forsten, A. 1975. The fossil horses of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain: a revision. Texas Memorial Museum, Pierce-Sellards series, 22:1–86.Google Scholar
Forsten, A. 1982. The status of the genus Cormohipparion Skinner and MacFadden (Mammalia, Equidae). Journal of Paleontology, 56:1332–1335.Google Scholar
Forsten, A. 1984. Supraspecific groups of Old World hipparions (Mammalia, Equidae). Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 58:165–171.Google Scholar
Gidley, J. W. 1903. A new three-toed horse. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 19:465–476.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository Review, 15:296–310.Google Scholar
Hirschfeld, S. E., and Webb, S. D. 1968. Plio-Pleistocene megalonychid sloths of North America. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, 12:213–296.Google Scholar
Hulbert, R. C. 1982. Population dynamics of the three-toed horse Neohipparion from the late Miocene of Florida. Paleobiology, 8:159–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leidy, J. 1869. The extinct mammalian fauna of Dakota and Nebraska. Journa. of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, series 2, 7:1–472.Google Scholar
MacFadden, B. J. 1984. Systematics and phylogeny of Hipparion, Neohipparion, Nannippus, and Cormohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Miocene and Pliocene of the New World. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 179:1–196.Google Scholar
McGrew, P. O. 1938. The Burge fauna, a lower Pliocene mammalian assemblage from Nebraska. Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, 24:309–328.Google Scholar
Merriam, J. C. 1915. New species of the Hipparion group from the Pacific Coast and Great Basin provinces of North America. Bulletin of the Department of Geology, University of California, 9:1–8.Google Scholar
Osborn, H. F. 1918. Equidae of the Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene of North America. Iconographic type revision. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History, New Series, 2:1–331.Google Scholar
Owen, R. 1848. Description of teeth and portions of jaws of two extinct anthracotheroid quadrapeds (Hyopotamus vectianus and H. bovinus) discovered by the Marchioness of Hastings in the Eocene deposits on the N.W. Coast of the Isle of Wight, with an attempt to develope Cuvier's idea of the classification of pachyderms by the number of their toes. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society o. London, 4:104–141.Google Scholar
Qui, Z., Huang, W., and Kuo, Z. 1980. Notes on the first discovery of the skull of Hipparion houfenense . Vertebrata Palasiatica, 18:131–137. (In Chinese, English summary.)Google Scholar
Quinn, J. H. 1955. Miocene Equidae of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain. Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas Publication No. 5516, 102 p.Google Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1930. Tertiary land mammals of Florida. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 59:149–211.Google Scholar
Skinner, M. F., and Johnson, F. W. 1984. Tertiary stratigraphy and the Frick collection of fossil vertebrates from north-central Nebraska. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 178:215–368.Google Scholar
Skinner, M. F. and MacFadden, B. J. 1977. Cormohipparion n. gen. (Mammalia, Equidae) from the North American Miocene (Barstovian, Clarendonian). Journal of Paleontology, 51:912–926.Google Scholar
Skinner, M. F. and Taylor, B. E. 1967. A revision of the geology and paleontology of the Bijou Hills, South Dakota. American Museum Novitates, 2300:1–53.Google Scholar
Stirton, R. A. 1940. Phylogeny of North American Equidae. Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, 25:165–198.Google Scholar
Stirton, R. A. 1952. Are Petuluma horse teeth reliable in correlation? Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 36:2011–2025.Google Scholar
Stirton, R. A. 1955. Two new species of the equid genus Neohipparion from the middle Pliocene, Chihuahua, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 29:886–902.Google Scholar
Tedford, R. H., and Hunter, M. E. 1985. Miocene marine–nonmarine correlations, Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains, North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 47:129–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tedford, R. H., et al. In press. Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (late Oligocene through earliest Pliocene Epochs), North America. In Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy. University of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
dWebb, S. D., 1969a. The Burge and Minnechaduza Clarendonian mammalian faunas of north-central Nebraska. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 78:1–191.Google Scholar
Webb, S. D. 1969b. The Pliocene Canidae of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, 14:273–308.Google Scholar
Webb, S. D. and Hulbert, R. C. 1986. Systematics and evolution of Pseudhipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Late Neogene of the Gulf Coastal Plain and the Great Plains, p. 237–272. In Flanagan, K. and Lilligraven, J. A. (eds.), Vertebrates, Phylogeny, and Philosophy. University of Wyoming Press, Laramie.Google Scholar
Webb, S. D. MacFadden, B. J., and Baskin, J. A. 1981. Geology and paleontology of the Love Bone Bed from the late Miocene of Florida. American Journal of Science, 281:513–544.Google Scholar
Zhegallo, V. I. 1978. Gipparioni zentralnoi Asii. Trudy Sovmestnaya Sovetsko-Mongol'skaya Paleontologicheskaya Ekspeditsiya, 7:1–156.Google Scholar