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Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia: Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2016

David J. Cicimurri ,
James L. Knight ,
Jean M. Self-Trail  and
Sandy M. Ebersole
David J. Cicimurri
Affiliation:
South Carolina State Museum, 301 Gervais Street, Columbia, SC 29201, USA 〈dave.cicimurri@scmuseum.org〉, 〈karin@gforcecable.com〉
James L. Knight
Affiliation:
South Carolina State Museum, 301 Gervais Street, Columbia, SC 29201, USA 〈dave.cicimurri@scmuseum.org〉, 〈karin@gforcecable.com〉
Jean M. Self-Trail
Affiliation:
United States Geological Survey, 926A National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA 〈jstrail@usgs.gov〉
Sandy M. Ebersole
Affiliation:
Alabama Geological Survey, P.O. Box 869999, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486, USA 〈sebersole@gsa.state.al.us〉
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Abstract

Heavily tuberculated glyptosaur osteoderms were collected in an active limestone quarry in northern Berkeley County, South Carolina. The osteoderms are part of a highly diverse late Paleocene vertebrate assemblage that consists of marine, terrestrial, fluvial, and/or brackish water taxa, including chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish, turtles (chelonioid, trionychid, pelomedusid, emydid), crocodilians, palaeopheid snakes, and a mammal. Calcareous nannofossils indicate that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated within subzone NP9a of the Thanetian Stage (late Paleocene, upper part of Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age [NALMA]) and is therefore temporally equivalent to the Chicora Member of the Williamsburg Formation. The composition of the paleofauna indicates that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated in a marginal marine setting that was influenced by fluvial processes (estuarine or deltaic).

The discovery of South Carolina osteoderms is significant because they expand the late Paleocene geographic range of glyptosaurines eastward from the US midcontinent to the Atlantic Coastal Plain and provide one of the few North American records of these lizards inhabiting coastal habitats. This discovery also brings to light a possibility that post-Paleocene expansion of this group into Europe occurred via northeastward migration along the Atlantic coast of North America.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 147 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © 2016, The Paleontological Society 

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