Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T04:53:29.958Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Silurian calcareous algae, cyanobacteria, and microproblematica from the Alexander terrane, Alaska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Robert Riding  and
Constance M. Soja
Robert Riding
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Wales College of Cardiff, Cardiff CF1 3YE, U.K.
Constance M. Soja
Affiliation:
The Mary Ingraham Bunting Institute, Radcliffe Research and Study Center, 34 Concord Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Limestones of Silurian age (late Llandovery–Ludlow) from the Heceta Formation of southeastern Alaska (Alexander terrane) yield a diverse assemblage of calcified microbial organisms. Fourteen taxa are described, including the cyanobacteria Girvanella and ?Hedstroemia, possible cyanobacteria Epiphyton, Ludlovia, and Renalcis, three species of “Solenopora,” and microproblematica Rothpletzella and Wetheredella. Diagnoses and descriptions are also given of the new epiphytacean genus Hecetaphyton n. gen. and new microproblematica genera Tuxekanella n. gen. and Sphaerina n. gen.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 67 , Issue 5 , September 1993 , pp. 710 - 728
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beadle, S. C., and Johnson, M. E. 1986. Palaeoecology of Silurian cyclocrinitid algae. Palaeontology, 29:585–601.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1865. Palaeozoic fossils 1. Canada Geological Survey, 426 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bornemann, J. G. 1886. Die Versteinerungen des Cambrischen Schichtensystems der Insel Sardinien nebst vergleichenden Untersuchungen über analoge Vorkommnisse aus andern Ländern 1. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch-Carolinischen Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 51(1), 147 p.Google Scholar
Bourque, P.-A., Mamet, B., and Roux, A. 1981. Algues siluriennes du Synclinorium de la Baie des Chaleurs, Quebec, Canada. Revue de Micropaléontologie, 24:83–126.Google Scholar
Brooke, C., and Riding, R. 1987. A new look at the Solenoporaceae. Fourth International Symposium on Fossil Algae, Cardiff, July 1987, Abstracts:7.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. 1907. On the relationship of the genus Girvanella and its occurrence in the Silurian Limestones of Victoria. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science, Section, 2:377–386.Google Scholar
Clough, J. G., and Blodgett, R. B. 1988. Silurian–Devonian algal reef mound complex of southwest Alaska, p. 404–407. In Geldsetzer, H. H. J., James, N. P., and Tebbutt, G. E. (eds.), Reefs, Canada and Adjacent Areas. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 13.Google Scholar
Coney, P. J., Jones, D. L., and Monger, J. W. H. 1980. Cordilleran suspect terranes. Nature, 288:329–333.Google Scholar
Danielli, H. M. C. 1981. The fossil alga Girvanella Nicholson & Etheridge. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series, 35:79–107.Google Scholar
Dybowski, W. 1877. Die Chaetetiden der ostbaltischen Silur-Formation. Russisch-Kaiserliche Mineralogische Gesellschaft zu St. Petersburg Verhandlungen, 2nd series, Volume 14, 1878, 134 p. [1879].Google Scholar
Eberlein, G. D., Churkin, M. Jr., Carter, C., Berg, H. C., and Ovenshine, A. T. 1983. Geology of the Craig quadrangle, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, 83–91, 28 p.Google Scholar
Einasto, R. E., and Radionova, E. P. 1988. Stromatolites and oncolites in carbonate facies of the Ordovician and Silurian of the Baltic, p. 145–158. In Dubatolov, V. N. and Moskalenko, T. A. (eds.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Academy of Science of the USSR, Siberian Branch, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, “Nauka,” Novosibirsk [in Russian].Google Scholar
Faber, P., and Riding, R. 1979. Uraloporella (microproblematicum) from the Middle Devonian of the Eifel (West Germany). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 1979(3):139–146.Google Scholar
Fournie, D. 1967. Les Porostromata du Paleozoique. Etude bibliographique. Bulletin du Centre de Recherches, Pau-SNPA, 1(1);21–41.Google Scholar
Garwood, E. J., and Goodyear, E. 1918. On the geology of the Old Radnor district with special reference to an algal development in the Woolhope Limestone. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 74:1–30.Google Scholar
Gehrels, G. E., and Saleeby, J. B. 1987. Geologic framework, tectonic evolution, and displacement history of the Alexander terrane. Tectonics, 6:151–173.Google Scholar
Hadding, A. 1959. Silurian algal limestones of Gotland. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift N.F. Avdelningen 2, 56:1–26.Google Scholar
Héroux, Y., Hubert, C., Mamet, B., and Roux, A. 1977. Algues siluriennes de la Formation de Sayabec (Lac Matapédia, Quebec). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 14:2865–2908.Google Scholar
Ischenko, A. A., and Radionova, E. P. 1981. On the morphological characteristics and systematic position of Wetheredella Wood, 1948. Questions of Micropalaeontology, 24:140–151. Academy of Science of the USSR [in Russian].Google Scholar
Johnson, H. M. 1966. Silurian Girvanella from the Welsh Borderland. Palaeontology, 9:48–63.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. H. 1961. Studies of Ordovician algae. Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines, 56(2), 120 p.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. H., and Konishi, K. 1959. A review of Silurian (Gotlandian) algae. Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, 54:1–114.Google Scholar
Klement, K. W., and Toomey, D. F. 1967. Role of blue-green alga Girvanella in skeletal grain destruction and lime-mud formation in the Lower Ordovician of west Texas. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 37:1045–1051.Google Scholar
Korde, K. B. 1961. Cambrian algae of the south-eastern Siberian Platform. USSR Academy of Sciences, Transactions Palaeontological Institute, 89, 149 p. [in Russian].Google Scholar
Korde, K. B. 1973. Cambrian algae. USSR Academy of Sciences, Transactions Palaeontological Institute, 139, 349 p. [in Russian].Google Scholar
Lehmann, P. J., and Simo, A. 1988. Depositional facies and diagenesis of the Pipe Creek Jr. reef, Silurian, Great Lakes region, Indiana, p. 319–329. In Geldsetzer, H. H. J., James, N. P., and Tebbutt, G. E. (eds.), Reefs, Canada and Adjacent Areas. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 13.Google Scholar
Loeblich, A. R. Jr., and Tappan, H. 1964. Protista 2. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. C. Volumes 1, 2. Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 990 p. Google Scholar
Luchinina, V. A. 1975. Palaeoalgological characteristics of the Early Cambrian of the Siberian Platform. USSR Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Issue 216, Nauka, Novosibirsk, 98 p. [in Russian].Google Scholar
Mamet, B. L. 1973. Microfaciès viséens du Boulonnais (Nord, France). Revue de Micropaléontologie, 16(2):101–124.Google Scholar
Mamet, B. L. 1991. Carboniferous calcareous algae, p. 370–451. In Riding, R. (ed.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites, Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Mamet, B. L., and Pinard, S. 1985. Carboniferous algae from the Peratrovich Formation, southeastern Alaska, p. 91–100. In Toomey, D. F. and Nitecki, M. H. (eds.), Paleoalgology: Contemporary Research and Applications. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Mamet, B. L., and Roux, A. 1975. Jansaella ridingi, nouveau genre d'Algue? dans le Devonien de l'Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 12:1480–1484.Google Scholar
Mamet, B. L., and Rudloff, B. 1972. Algues carbonifères de la partie septentrionale de l'Amérique du Nord. Revue de Micropaléontologie, 15(2):75–114.Google Scholar
Nicholson, H. A. 1888. On certain anomalous organisms which are concerned in the formation of some of the Palaeozoic limestones. Geological Magazine, Decade 3, 5:15–24.Google Scholar
Nicholson, H. A., and Etheridge, R. Jr. 1878. A monograph of the Silurian fossils of the Girvan district of Ayrshire with special reference to those contained in the “Gray Collection.” William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London, Volume 1, Fasciculus 1, 135 p.Google Scholar
Nitecki, M. H. 1972. North American Silurian receptaculitid algae. Fieldiana, Geology 28, 120 p.Google Scholar
Ovenshine, A. T., and Webster, G. D. 1970. Age and stratigraphy of the Heceta Limestone in northern Sea Otter Sound, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 700-C:170–174.Google Scholar
Pollock, J. B. 1918. Blue-green algae as agents in the deposition of marl in Michigan lakes. Annual Report Michigan Academy of Science, 20:247–260.Google Scholar
Radionova, E. P., and Einasto, R. E. 1985. Algal associations in the Wenlock and Ludlow of Estonia and their relationships to facies, p. 163–185. In Theory and Practice of Ecostratigraphy, Tallinn, Valgus [in Russian].Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1975. Girvanella and other algae as depth indicators. Lethaia, 8:173–179.Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1977. Calcified Plectonema (blue-green algae), a Recent example of Girvanella from Aldabra Atoll. Palaeontology, 20:33–46.Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1979. Calcareous algae, p. 54–60. In Jaanusson, V., Laufeld, S., and Skoglund, R. (eds.), Lower Wenlock Faunal and Floral Dynamics—Vattenfallet Section, Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Serie C NR 762, Arsbok 73 NR 3.Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1991a. Calcified cyanobacteria, p. 71–72. In Riding, R. (ed.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Riding, R. 1991b. Cambrian calcareous cyanobacteria and algae, p. 305–334. In Riding, R. (ed.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Riding, R., and Jansa, L. F. 1974. Uraloporella Korde in the Devonian of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 11:1414–1426.Google Scholar
Riding, R., and Voronova, L. 1982. Affinity of the Cambrian alga Tubomorphophyton and its significance for the Epiphytaceae. Palaeontology, 25:869–878.Google Scholar
Riding, R., and Voronova, L. 1985. Morphological groups and series in Cambrian calcareous algae, p. 56–78. In Toomey, D. F. and Nitecki, M. H. (eds.), Paleoalgology: Contemporary Research and Applications. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Riding, R., and Watts, N. 1983. Silurian Renalcis (?cyanophyte) from reef facies in Gotland (Sweden). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatschefte, 1983(4):242–248.Google Scholar
Riding, R., and Wray, J. L. 1972. Note on the ?algal genera Epiphyton, Paraepiphyton, Tharama and Chabakovia. Journal of Paleontology, 46:918–919.Google Scholar
Rothpletz, A. 1891. Fossile Kalkalgen aus den Familien der Codiaceen und der Corallineen. Zeitschrift Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft, 43:295–322.Google Scholar
Rothpletz, A. 1908. Über Algen und Hydrozoen im Silur von Gotland und Oesel. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 43(5):1–23.Google Scholar
Rothpletz, A. 1913. Über die Kalkalgen, Spongiostromen und einige andere Fossilien aus dem Obersilur Gottlands. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning Series C a, No. 10, 57 p.Google Scholar
Roux, A. 1991. Ordovician to Devonian marine calcareous algae, p. 349–369. In Riding, R. (ed.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Samson, S. D., McClelland, W. C., Gehrels, G. E., and Patchett, P. 1988. The Alexander terrane, Nd and Sr isotopic evidence for a primitive magmatic history. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 20:227.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1985. Silurian (Llandovery–Wenlock) conodonts from the base of the Heceta Limestone, southeastern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 22:711–727.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1989. Paleozoic biogeographic signals from the Alexander terrane. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 21:140.Google Scholar
Soja, C. M. 1988. Paleobiogeography of Lower Devonian faunas from the Alexander terrane, southeastern Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 20:308.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1990. Island arc carbonates from the Silurian Heceta Formation of southeastern Alaska (Alexander terrane). Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 60:235–249.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1991. Origin of Silurian reefs in the Alexander terrane of southeastern Alaska. Palaios, 6:111–126.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M., and Riding, R. 1993. Silurian microbial associations from the Alexander terrane, Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 67:728–738.Google Scholar
Toomey, D. F., and LeMone, D. 1977. Some Ordovician and Silurian algae from selected areas of the southwestern United States, p. 351–359. In Flügel, E. (ed.), Fossil Algae, Recent Results and Developments. Springer-Verlag, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vologdin, A. G. 1932. Archaeocyaths of Siberia, Part 2. Cambrian fauna of Altai limestones. State Scientific Technical Geology Publication, Leningrad, 106 p. [in Russian].Google Scholar
Wood, A. 1948. “Sphaerocodium,” a misinterpreted fossil from the Wenlock Limestone. Proceedings Geologist's Association, 59:9–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, A. 1957. The type-species of the genus Girvanella (calcareous algae). Palaeontology, 1:22–28.Google Scholar
Wray, J. L. 1967. Upper Devonian calcareous algae from the Canning Basin, western Australia. Professional Contributions of the Colorado School of Mines, 3, 76 p.Google Scholar