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Image-guided radiation therapy for carcinoma of gallbladder: implication on margin for set-up errors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 May 2013

Gagan Saini ,
Vineeta Goel ,
Anil K Anand  and
Kamlesh Kumar Gupta
Gagan Saini*
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Oncology, International Oncology Center, Fortis Hospital, Noida, India
Vineeta Goel
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Oncology, Max Cancer Center, Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
Anil K Anand
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Oncology, Max Cancer Center, Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
Kamlesh Kumar Gupta
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Oncology, Max Cancer Center, Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
*
Correspondence to: Gagan SainiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, International Oncology Center, Fortis Hospital, Sector-62, Noida, India. Tel: 0120-4548512. E-mail: drgagansaini@gmail.com
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Abstract

Purpose

A retrospective study was undertaken to analyse set-up variations in patients being treated with post-operative radiation therapy for carcinoma of gall bladder by image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and paired kilovoltage beam portals (kVps).

Materials and methods

Three consecutive patients receiving post-operative radiation therapy for carcinoma of gall bladder were studied. A total of 32 imaging studies were performed. The immobilisation system was an all-in-one system along with a thermoplastic mask, with knees either resting on the knee rest or in a vacuum cushion. The CBCT scans and kVps were reviewed in an off-line mode. The surrogate markers used for matching during co-registration were 12th rib, coeliac trunk, vertebral bodies and canal. Individual readings were used to calculate mean shifts (m); the mean of these means (M) was calculated to arrive at the systematic error in each direction and its standard deviation (Σ) was calculated. The margins for set-up error (SM) were then calculated.

Results

There were a total of 32 readings of which 21 were CBCTs and 11 were kVps. The mean shifts in each direction for each patient were 0·06, 0·25 and 0·15 cm in vertical, longitudinal and lateral directions, respectively. The resultant planning target volume margins calculated were 0·24, 0·9 and 0·47 cm in vertical, longitudinal and lateral directions.

Conclusions

IGRT for upper abdominal malignancies using CBCT and kVps is a useful method to keep the margins for set-up error low. The use of surrogates for matching should be relevant to the target volume. Good immobilisation system helps in keeping the margins low.

Keywords

CBCTIGRTimmobilisationmatching techniques and surrogatesupper abdominal malignancies
Type
Short Communication
Information
Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 263 - 271
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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