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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 June 2025
In this article, we give characterizations of Towsner’s relative leftmost path principles in terms of omega-model reflections of transfinite inductions. In particular, we show that the omega-model reflection of
$\Pi ^1_{n+1}$ transfinite induction is equivalent to the
$\Sigma ^0_n$ relative leftmost path principle over
$\mathsf {RCA}_0$ for
$n> 1$. As a consequence, we have that
$\Sigma ^0_{n+1}\mathsf {LPP}$ is strictly stronger than
$\Sigma ^0_{n}\mathsf {LPP}$.