Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 March 2014
L denotes a fixed finitary similarity type, B, respectively P a new relation symbol, an L-structure in the usual sense, and (
, σ) a topological L-structure, where σ is a topology on A. (
, σ) is countable if
is countable and σ has a countable base. The formal language for our study of topological structures is
.
is the least fragment of the (monadic) second-order, infinitary language
closed under negation (⇁), countable disjunction (∨), countable conjunction (∧), quantification over individual variables (∃ν, ∀ν), and quantification over set variables in the form ∃V(t ∈ V → φ) [respectively ∃V(t ∈ V → φ] where t is an L-term and each free occurrence of V in φ is negative [respectively positive]. We abbreviate ∃V(t ∈ V ∧ φ) and ∀V(t ∈ V → φ) by ∃V ∈ ν φ respectively ∀V ∈ ν φ. (For detailed information on
we reIer to [1].)
i, j, … m, n range over ω. a, x, etc. denote finite tuples; a ∈ A means that all members of a are in A. IdA denotes the identity on A, Perm(A) the set of all permutations of A, and Aut() (respectively Aut(
, σ)) the set of all automorphisms of
(respectively (
σ)). Let F ⊆ Perm(A), B ⊆ Am(m ≥ 1), and μ be a system of subsets of A. B (respectively μ) is called invariant under F if for all ƒ ∈ F, ƒ(B) = B (respectively ƒ(μ) = μ).
denotes the least system of subsets of A which contains μ and which is closed under arbitrary union,
.
For the rest of this paragraph let A be a countable nonempty set.
The results obtained in this paper form a portion of the author's Diplomarbeit written under Professor M. Ziegler, to whom the author is indebted for his aid and encouragement.