Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T06:26:11.672Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The “Technology of Happiness” and the Tradition of Economic Science

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2009

Luigino Bruni
Affiliation:
University of Milan-Bicocca and University of East Anglia, Dipartimento di Economia politica, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo, 1—Milano, Italy.

Extract

It is a matter of fact that happiness is once again one of the foci of interest for economists, the “professors of the dismal science” (Carlyle 1850, p. 43). This is also the conviction of the editor of the “Controversy” on Economics and Happiness in The Economic Journal in 1997: “Economists from different backgrounds … all believe that happiness must play a more central role in economic science once again” (Dixon 1997, p. 1812). Dixon's thesis is twofold: (a) “Once again”: the reference is to the Neapolitan pubblica felicita (public happiness), developedby Genovesi andothers in the mid-1700s. In fact, Dixon sees a link between the new interest on happiness by contemporary economists andthe XVIII century debate on “public happiness” in the Latin countries, and in Italy in particular, as he explicitly says in a footnote; (b) “More central role” according to Dixon, is that happiness nowadays does not play a central role in economics.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The History of Economics Society 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ahuvia, A. & Friedman, D. C. (1998) Income, Consumption, andSubjective Well-Being: Toward a Composite Macromarketing Model, Journal of Macromarketing 18 (Fall), pp. 153168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alesina, A., Di Tella, R. & MacCulloch, R. (2002) Inequality and Happiness: Are Europeans and Americans Different? Harvard. Mimeo.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aristotle (1980) Nicomachean Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Aristotle, Politics. The Internet Classics Archive. website: http://classics.mit.edu/index.html.Google Scholar
Baron, H. (1955) The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance (Princeton: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Baron, H. (1988) In Search of Florentine Civic Humanism: Essays on the Transitions from the Medieval to Modern Thought (Princeton: Princeton University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, G. (1996) Accounting for Tastes (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellamy, R. (1987) “Da metafisico a mercatante”: Antonio Genovesi and the Development of a New Language of Commerce in Eighteenth-century Naples, in: Pagden, A. (Ed.) The Language of Political Theory in Early Modern Europe, pp. 277299 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bentham, J. (1789) An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, edited by Burns, J. H. and Hart, H. L. A. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bianchini, L. (1845) Della scienza del ben vivere sociale e della economia degli stati (Palermo: Stamperia di Francesco Lao).Google Scholar
Boudon, R. (2000) Études sur le sociologiques classiques (Paris: PUF).Google Scholar
Bruni, L. & Guala, F. (2001) Pareto and the Epistemological Foundations of Rational Choice Theory, History of Political Economy 33(1), pp. 2149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruni, L. & Sugden, R. (2000) Moral Canals: Trust and Social Capital in the Work of Hume, Smith and Genovesi, Economics and Philosophy 16(1), pp. 2145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruni, L. & Sugden, R. (2003) The Road Not Taken: Two Debates in Economics and Psychology. University of East Anglia. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Bruni, L. & Porta, P. L. (2003) Economies in the Age of Newton: Natural Science and Political Economy in the Italian Enlightenment, Milan-Bicocca. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Carlyle, T. (1850) Letter-Day Pamphlets (London: Chapman and Hall, 1898).Google Scholar
Dieder, E. & Biswas-Dieder, R. (2002) Will Money Increase Subjective Well-being?, Social Indicators Research 57(1), pp. 119169.Google Scholar
Dixon, H. D. (1997) Controversy: Economic andHappiness. Editorial note, Economic Journal 107 (11): pp. 18121814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterlin, R. (1974) Does Economic Growth Improve Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence, in: Davis, P. A. and Reder, M. W. (Eds) Nation and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honour of Moses Abromowitz (New York and London: Academic Press).Google Scholar
Easterlin, R. (1995) Will Raising the Incomes of All Increase the Happiness of All? Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organisation 27(1), pp. 3548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterlin, R. (2001) Income and Happiness: Towards a Unified Theory, Economic Journal 111 (07) pp. 465484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterlin, R. (Ed.) (2002) Happiness in Economics (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar).Google Scholar
Easterlin, R. (2003) Towards a Better Theory of Happiness in Economics, Paper Presented at the International Conference The Paradoxes of Happiness in Economics, Milan, 03.Google Scholar
Edgeworth, F. Y. (1877) New and Old Methods of Ethics (Oxfordand London: James Parker and Co.).Google Scholar
Edgeworth, F. Y. (1881) Mathematical Psychics (London: Kegan).Google Scholar
Edgeworth, F. Y. (1926) ad vocem Pareto, Palgrave Dictionary of Political Economy, 3, pp. 711712 (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Edgeworth, F. Y. (1927) Papers Related to Political Economy, 3 vols. (New York: Burt Franklin, 1970).Google Scholar
Frank, R. (1985) Choosing the Right Pond (New York: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Frank, R. (1997) The Frame of Reference as a Public Good, Economic Journal 107 (11), pp. 18321847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frank, R. (1999) Luxury Fever (New York: The Free Press).Google Scholar
Frank, R. (2003) Does Absolute Income Matter? Paper presentedat the International Conference The Paradoxes of Happiness in Economics, Milan, March.Google Scholar
Frey, B. & Stutzer, A. (1999) Maximising Happiness? Working paper No. 22. University of Zurich: Institute for Empirical Research in Economics.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, B. & Stutzer, A. (2001) What Can Economists Learn from Happiness Research? Working papers 503. CESifo.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, B. & Stutzer, A. (2002) Happiness in Economics (Princeton: Princeton University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genovesi, A. (1765) Lezioni di commercio o sia di Economia civile (Milan: Silvestri, 1820).Google Scholar
Genovesi, A. (1766) Diceosina o sia della filosofia del giusto e dell'onesto (Milan: Marzorati, 1973).Google Scholar
Genovesi, A. (1984) Scritti economici (Naples: Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici).Google Scholar
Genovesi, A. (1753) Discorso sopra il vero fine delle lettere e delle scienze (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1962).Google Scholar
Genovesi, A. (1764) Autobiografia e lettere (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1962).Google Scholar
Gualerni, G. (2002) L'altra economia e l'interpretazione di Adam Smith (Milan: Vita e Pensiero).Google Scholar
Guidi, M. E. L. (1999) Pain and Human Action: Locke to Bentham, University of Pisa. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Hargreaves-Heap, S. et al. (1994) Rational Choice: A Critical Guide (Oxford: Blackwell).Google Scholar
Harrod, R. (1951) The Life of J. M. Keynes (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Hausman, D. & McPherson, M. S. (1996) Economic Analysis and Moral Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Henderson, W. (2000) John Ruskin's Political Economy (London: Routledge).Google Scholar
Höllander, H. (2001) On the Validity of Utility Statements: Standard Theory versus Duesenberry's, Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization 45 (07), pp. 227249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollis, M. (1998) Trust Within Reason (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hont, I. & Ignatief, M. (1983) Wealth and Virtue: The Shaping of Political Economy in the Scottish Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirschman, A. O. (1977) The Passions and the Interests (Princeton: Princeton University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jevons, S. (1871) The Theory of Political Economy (New York: Penguin Books, 1970).Google Scholar
Kahneman, D., Diener, E. & Schwarz, N. (Eds) (1999) Well-being: The Foundation of Hedonic Psychology (New York: Russell Sage Foundation).Google Scholar
Keely, L. C. (2000) Why Isn't Growth Making Us Happier?, Oxford. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Kenny, C. (1999) Does Growth Cause Happiness, or Does Happiness Cause Growth? Kyklos 52(1), pp. 326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lane, R. (2000) The Loss of Happiness in the Market Democracies (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).Google Scholar
Loria, A. (1893) Verso la giustizia sociale (Milan: Societa Editrice Libraria, 1904).Google Scholar
Lyubomirsky, S., Tucker, K. L. & Kasri, F. (2001) Responses to Hedonically Conflicting Social Comparisons: Comparing Happy and Unhappy People, European Journal of Social Psychology 31(2), pp. 511535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malthus, T. (1798) An Essay on the Principle of Population (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Marshall, A. (1890) Principles of Economics (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Michels, R. (1918) Economia e felicita (Milan: Vallardi).Google Scholar
Mill, J. S. (1861) Utilitarianism. Reprinted as The Collected Works of J. S. Mill, Vol. X, edited by Robson, John M. and Stillinger, Jack (Toronto and London: University of Toronto Press and Routledge & Kegan, 1963).Google Scholar
Mill, J. S. (1974) Autobiography and Literary Essays. Reprinted as The Collected Works of J. S. Mill, Vol. X, edited by Robson, John M. and Stillinger, Jack (Toronto and London: University of Toronto Press andRoutledge & Kegan, 1981).Google Scholar
Moore, G. E. (1903) Principia Ethica (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Muratori, L. (1749) Della pubblica felicità. Lucca.Google Scholar
Ng, Y. K. (1997) A Case for Happiness, Cardinalism and Interpersonal Comparability, Economic Journal 107 (11), pp. 18481858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nussbaum, M. (1986) The Fragility of Goodness: Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Oslington, P. (2002) John Henry Newman, Nassau Senior and the Separation of Political Economy from Theology in the Nineteenth Century, History of Political Economy 33(1), pp. 825842.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oswald, A. J. (1997) Happiness and Economic Performance, Economic Journal 107 (11), pp. 18151831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmieri, G. (1788) Riflessioni sulla pubblica felicita relativamente al Regno di Napoli (Milan: Pirotta e Maspero).Google Scholar
Pantaleoni, M. (1923) Vilfredo Pareto: Obituary, The Economic Journal 23 (12), pp. 582590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pantaleoni, M. (1924) In occasione della morte di Pareto: Riflessioni, Giornale degli Economisti, 64(1), pp. 119. Reprintedin Pantaleoni, Studi difinanza e statistica (Bologna: Zanichelli, 1938).Google Scholar
Pantaleoni, M. (1913) Definizione dell'economia. Una prolusione, in: Erotemi di economia. I, pp. 166 (Bari: Laterza, 1925).Google Scholar
Pantaleoni, M. (1938) Studi di finanza e statistica (Bologna: Zanichelli).Google Scholar
Pareto, V. (1899) Letter to M. Pantaleoni, Lettere a Maffeo Pantaleoni, Vol. III, edited by De Rosa, G. (Rome: Banca Nazionale del Lavoro).Google Scholar
Phelps, C. (2001) A Clue to the Paradox of Happiness, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 45 (07), pp. 293300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigou, A. C. (1920) Economics of Welfare (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Pii, E. (1984) Antonio Genovesi: Dalla politica economica alla ‘politica civile’ (Florence: Olschki).Google Scholar
Pocock, J. G. A. (1975) The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition (Princeton: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Putnam, R. (2000) Bowling Alone (New York: Simon and Schuster).Google Scholar
Raphael, D. D. & Macfie, A. L. (1980) Introduction, in: Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund).Google Scholar
Robbins, L. (1998) A History of Economic Thought: The LSE Lectures, edited by Medema, Steven G. & Samuels, Warren J. (Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2001) On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being, Annual Reviews Psychological 52, pp. 141166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schabas, M. (1990) A World Ruled by Numbers: William Stanley Jevons and the Rise of Mathematical Economics (Princeton: Princeton University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scitovsky, T. (1976) The Joyless Economy: An Inquiry into Human Satisfaction and Consumer Dissatisfaction (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Sen, A. (1991) The Standard of Living (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Sen, A. (2000) Development as Freedom (New York: Alfred A. Knopft).Google Scholar
Sismondi, de S. (1819) Neuveaux Principes d'économie politique. Italian edition, edited by Barocci, P. (Milan: Isedi, 1974).Google Scholar
Smith, A. (1759) The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 1980).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. (1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Oxford: Clarendon Press).Google Scholar
Sugden, R. (2001) Sociality and the Correspondence of Sentiments, University of East Anglia UK.Mimeo.Google Scholar
Todorov, T. (1995) La vie commune: Essay d'antropologie générale (Paris: Editions du Seuil).Google Scholar
Veblen, T. (1899) The Theory of the Leisure Class (New York: Prometheus Books, 1998).Google Scholar
Veenhoven, R. (2000) Freedom and Happiness: A Comparative Study in 44 Nations in the Early 1990s, Oxford. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Verri, P. (1781) Discorsi sull'indole del piacere e del dolore, sulla felicità e sulla economia politic (Milan: Giuseppe Marelli). Reprintedin P. Verri. Del piacere e del dolore ed altri scritti, edited by R. De Felice, pp. 1260 (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1964).Google Scholar
Verri, P. (1763) Del piacere e del dolore ed altri scritti, edited by De Felice, R. (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1964).Google Scholar
Vico, G. (1727) Principii di scienza nuova (Bari: Laterza, 1907).Google Scholar
Vitale, M. (2001) Starting again from Carlo Cattaneo, in: Carlo Cattaneo Intelligence as Principle of Public Economy, pp. 107158 (Milan: Scheiwiller).Google Scholar
Winch, D. (1978) Adam Smith's Policy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, R. (2000) Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny (New York: Pantheon Books).Google Scholar
Zamagni, S. & Sacco, P. L. (2001) Civil Economy, Cultural Evolution and Participatory Development: a Theoretical Inquiry, University of Bologna. Mimeo.Google Scholar