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The Effects of Radiation and Sex Differences on Adaptive Functioning in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Brain Tumors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2019

Tanya F. Panwala ,
Michelle E. Fox Open the ORCID record for Michelle E. Fox [Opens in a new window] ,
Tiffany D. Tucker  and
Tricia Z. King Open the ORCID record for Tricia Z. King [Opens in a new window]
Tanya F. Panwala
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Michelle E. Fox
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Tiffany D. Tucker
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Tricia Z. King*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Tricia Z. King, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA. E-mail: tzking@gsu.edu
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Abstract

Objective: Radiation therapy (RT) improves rates of survival of patients with childhood brain tumors but increases deficits in cognition and independent living skills. Previous literature has studied difficulties in basic cognitive processes, but few explore impairment in higher-order skills such as adaptive functioning. Some studies identify females as at risk for cognitive deficits due to RT, but few investigate sex differences in adaptive functioning. It was hypothesized that females would exhibit poorer long-term independent living skills and core cognitive skills relative to males following RT. Methods: Forty-five adult survivors of posterior fossa childhood brain tumors (24 females) completed the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI-II), Wechsler Memory Scale, Third Edition (WMS-III) Digit Span Forward (DSF) and Backward (DSB), and Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test (OSDMT). Informants completed the Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R). Results: DSF and OSDMT were positively correlated with all five SIB-R domains, full-scale IQ (FSIQ) was positively correlated with four SIB-R domains, and DSB was positively correlated with three SIB-R domains. There was an interaction between sex and RT for OSDMT and community living skills with trend level interactions for personal living skills and broad independent living skills, where females without RT had higher scores than females with RT. Conclusions: Female survivors were more affected by RT than males across the community living skills domain of adaptive functioning as well as processing speed. Processing speed deficits may have a cascading impact on daily living skills. Future studies should investigate how clinical and biological factors may contribute to personalized treatment plans between sexes. (JINS, 2019, 25, 729–739)

Keywords

Childhood cancerCognitionFemalesCancer survivorsActivities of daily livingMedulloblastoma
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 25 , Issue 7 , August 2019 , pp. 729 - 739
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019. 

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