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Cognitive Reserve Components as Expressed in Traumatic Brain Injury

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2013

Yifat Levi ,
Yuri Rassovsky ,
Eugenia Agranov ,
Michal Sela-Kaufman  and
Eli Vakil
Yifat Levi
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
Yuri Rassovsky
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
Eugenia Agranov
Affiliation:
Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Michal Sela-Kaufman
Affiliation:
Department of Behavioral Sciences, the Academic College of Tel-Aviv – Yaffo, Israel
Eli Vakil*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Eli Vakil, Psychology Department of and Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel. E-mail: vakile@mail.biu.ac.il
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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of brain damage, resulting in long-term disability. The “reserve” construct has been proposed to account for the reported mismatch between brain damage and its clinical expression. Although numerous studies have used various measures thought to reflect this construct, few studies have examined its underlying structure in clinical populations, and no studies have systematically studied this construct in TBI. In the present study, structural equation modeling technique was used to evaluate several models hypothesized to represent cognitive reserve (CR) in TBI. A broad range of data typically reported in the literature as representing CR was collected from 89 individuals who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI. Analyses revealed a best fitting model that consisted of three separate factors representing premorbid intelligence, socioeconomic status and leisure activity, with distinct pattern of associations among the three factors. Findings provide empirical support for the notion of a multi-factorial CR and suggest a coherent framework for further investigation. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–8)

Keywords

ReserveCRTBIStructural equation modelingHead injuryRehabilitation
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 19 , Issue 6 , July 2013 , pp. 664 - 671
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 

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