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Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Theta Burst Stimulation for Modulating the Posterior Parietal Cortex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 August 2019

Tian Gan ,
Stevan Nikolin ,
Colleen K. Loo  and
Donel M. Martin
Tian Gan
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Stevan Nikolin
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia
Colleen K. Loo
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia St George Hospital, Sydney 2217, NSW, Australia
Donel M. Martin*
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Sydney 2031, NSW, Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Donel Martin, Black Dog Institute, Hospital Rd., Randwick, NSW 2031 Australia. E-mail: donel.martin@unsw.edu.au
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Abstract

Objectives: Noninvasive brain stimulation methods, including high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and theta burst stimulation (TBS) have emerged as novel tools to modulate and explore brain function. However, the relative efficacy of these newer stimulation approaches for modulating cognitive functioning remains unclear. This study investigated the cognitive effects of HD-tDCS, intermittent TBS (iTBS) and prolonged continuous TBS (ProcTBS) and explored the potential of these approaches for modulating hypothesized functions of the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Methods: Twenty-two healthy volunteers attended four experimental sessions in a cross-over experimental design. In each session, participants either received HD-tDCS, iTBS, ProcTBS or sham, and completed cognitive tasks, including a divided attention task, a working memory maintenance task and an attention task (emotional Stroop test). Results: The results showed that compared to sham, HD-tDCS, iTBS and ProcTBS caused significantly faster response times on the emotional Stroop task. The effect size (Cohen’s d) was d = .32 for iTBS (p < .001), .21 for ProcTBS (p = .01) and .15 for HD-tDCS (p = .044). However, for the performance on the divided attention and working memory maintenance tasks, no significant effect of stimulation was found. Conclusions: The results suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques, including TBS, may have greater efficacy for modulating cognition compared with HD-tDCS, and extend existing knowledge about specific functions of the left PPC.

Keywords

noninvasive brain stimulationcognitionintraparietal sulcustranscranial magnetic stimulationattentionworking memory
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 25 , Issue 9 , October 2019 , pp. 972 - 984
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019. 

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