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Evidence for Reduced Autobiographical Memory Episodic Specificity in Cognitively Normal Middle-Aged and Older Individuals at Increased Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 August 2018

Matthew D. Grilli ,
Aubrey A. Wank ,
John J. Bercel  and
Lee Ryan
Matthew D. Grilli*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
Aubrey A. Wank
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
John J. Bercel
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
Lee Ryan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Matthew D. Grilli, 1503 E. University Blvd., PO Box 210068, Tucson, Arizona 85721. E-mail: mdgrilli@email.arizona.edu
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Abstract

Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) typically eludes clinical detection for years, if not decades. The identification of subtle cognitive decline associated with preclinical AD would not only advance understanding of the disease, but also provide clinical targets to assess preventative and early intervention treatments. Disrupted retrieval of detailed episodic autobiographical memories may be a sensitive indicator of subtle cognitive decline, because this type of memory taxes a core neural network affected by preclinical AD neuropathology. Methods: To begin to address this idea, we assessed the episodic specificity of autobiographical memories retrieved by cognitively normal middle-aged and older individuals who are carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele – a population at increased risk for subtle cognitive decline related to neuropathological risk factors for AD. We compared the ε4 carriers to non-carriers of ε4 similar in age, education, and gender. Results: The ε4 carriers did not perform worse than the non-carriers on a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. In contrast, as a group, the ε4 carriers generated autobiographical memories that were reduced in “internal” or episodic details relative to non-carriers. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that reduced autobiographical episodic detail generation may be a marker of subtle cognitive decline associated with AD. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1073–1183)

Keywords

Autobiographical memoryEpisodic memoryAlzheimer’s diseaseAgingAPOEPreclinical
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 24 , Issue 10 , November 2018 , pp. 1073 - 1083
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2018 

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