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HIV Infection Is Associated with Attenuated Frontostriatal Intrinsic Connectivity: A Preliminary Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2015

Jonathan C. Ipser ,
Gregory G. Brown ,
Amanda Bischoff-Grethe ,
Colm G. Connolly ,
Ronald J. Ellis ,
Robert K. Heaton ,
Igor Grant  and
Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) Group
Jonathan C. Ipser
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Gregory G. Brown*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
Amanda Bischoff-Grethe
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
Colm G. Connolly
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California
Ronald J. Ellis
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California
Robert K. Heaton
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
Igor Grant
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) Group
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Gregory Brown, SDVAMC, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161-116A. E-mail: gbrown@ucsd.edu
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Abstract

HIV-associated cognitive impairments are prevalent, and are consistent with injury to both frontal cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. The current study aimed to assess the association of HIV infection with functional connections within the frontostriatal network, circuitry hypothesized to be highly vulnerable to HIV infection. Fifteen HIV-positive and 15 demographically matched control participants underwent 6 min of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Multivariate group comparisons of age-adjusted estimates of connectivity within the frontostriatal network were derived from BOLD data for dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsal caudate and mediodorsal thalamic regions of interest. Whole-brain comparisons of group differences in frontostriatal connectivity were conducted, as were pairwise tests of connectivity associations with measures of global cognitive functioning and clinical and immunological characteristics (nadir and current CD4 count, duration of HIV infection, plasma HIV RNA). HIV – associated reductions in connectivity were observed between the DLPFC and the dorsal caudate, particularly in younger participants (<50 years, N=9). Seropositive participants also demonstrated reductions in dorsal caudate connectivity to frontal and parietal brain regions previously demonstrated to be functionally connected to the DLPFC. Cognitive impairment, but none of the assessed clinical/immunological variables, was also associated with reduced frontostriatal connectivity. In conclusion, our data indicate that HIV is associated with attenuated intrinsic frontostriatal connectivity. Intrinsic connectivity of this network may therefore serve as a marker of the deleterious effects of HIV infection on the brain, possibly via HIV-associated dopaminergic abnormalities. These findings warrant independent replication in larger studies. (JINS, 2015, 21, 1–11)

Keywords

Magnetic resonance imagingResting-stateDorsolateral prefrontal cortexCaudate nucleusThalamusDopamine
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 21 , Supplement 3 , March 2015 , pp. 203 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2015 

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