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The Nature of Verbal Memory Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis: A List-Learning and Meta-analytic Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2013

Jose M. Lafosse ,
Sandra M. Mitchell ,
John R. Corboy  and
Christopher M. Filley
Jose M. Lafosse*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Regis University, Denver, Colorado
Sandra M. Mitchell
Affiliation:
New Mexico Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Albuquerque, New Mexico
John R. Corboy
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
Christopher M. Filley
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Jose M. Lafosse, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Regis University, 3333 Regis Boulevard, D-12, Denver, CO 80221-1099. E-mail: jlafosse@regis.edu
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Abstract

The primary purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have impaired acquisition rather than a retrieval deficit. Verbal memory impairment in MS was examined in 53 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 31 healthy controls (HC), and in a meta-analysis of studies that examined memory functioning in MS with list-learning tasks. The MS group demonstrated significantly lower acquisition and delayed recall performance than the HC group, and the meta-analysis revealed that the largest effect sizes were obtained for acquisition measures relative to delayed recall and recognition. Our data argue against a retrieval deficit as the sole explanation for verbal memory impairment in MS, and make a consistent case for the position that deficient acquisition contributes to the memory dysfunction of MS patients. Deficient acquisition may result from demyelination in relevant white matter tracts that reduces encoding efficiency as a result of impaired speed of information processing. (JINS, 2013, 19, 995–1008)

Keywords

Multiple sclerosisMemoryLearningWhite matter diseaseNeuropsychological testsMeta analysis
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 19 , Issue 9 , October 2013 , pp. 995 - 1008
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 

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