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Preliminary evidence for progressive prefrontal abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

JESSICA H. KALMAR ,
FEI WANG ,
LINDA SPENCER ,
ERIN EDMISTON ,
CHERYL M. LACADIE ,
ANDRÉS MARTIN ,
R. TODD CONSTABLE ,
JAMES S. DUNCAN ,
LAWRENCE H. STAIB  and
XENOPHON PAPADEMETRIS
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JESSICA H. KALMAR*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
FEI WANG
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
LINDA SPENCER
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
ERIN EDMISTON
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
CHERYL M. LACADIE
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
ANDRÉS MARTIN
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
R. TODD CONSTABLE
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
JAMES S. DUNCAN
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
LAWRENCE H. STAIB
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
XENOPHON PAPADEMETRIS
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
HILARY P. BLUMBERG
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Jessica H. Kalmar, Mood Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, Connecticut 06511. E-mail: jessica.kalmar@yale.edu
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Abstract

Previous cross-sectional study of ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) implicated progressive volume abnormalities during adolescence in bipolar disorder (BD). In the present study, a within-subject, longitudinal design was implemented to examine brain volume changes during adolescence/young adulthood. We hypothesized that VPFC volume decreases over time would be greater in adolescents/young adults with BD than in healthy comparison adolescents/young adults. Eighteen adolescents/young adults (10 with BD I and 8 healthy comparison participants) underwent two high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans over approximately 2 years. Regional volume changes over time were measured. Adolescents/young adults with BD displayed significantly greater volume loss over time, compared to healthy comparison participants, in a region encompassing VPFC and rostral PFC and extending to rostral anterior cingulate cortex (p < .05). Additional areas where volume change differed between groups were observed. While data should be interpreted cautiously due to modest sample size, this study provides preliminary evidence to support the presence of accelerated loss in VPFC and rostral PFC volume in adolescents/young adults with BD. (JINS, 2009, 15, 476–481.)

Keywords

AdolescentsBipolar disorderMagnetic resonance imagingPrefrontal cortexDevelopmentLongitudinal
Type
Brief Communications
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 15 , Issue 3 , May 2009 , pp. 476 - 481
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2009

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